KYIV - Russia and Ukraine traded hundreds of prisoners of war on Jan 31, just a week after Moscow said Kyiv had shot down a plane carrying captured Ukrainian soldiers to an exchange.

The crash of a Russian military cargo plane near the border with Ukraine – which Russia said killed 65 Ukrainian POWs – had thrown doubt on future prisoner swops between the two sides.

But in a series of coordinated announcements on Jan 31, both sides hailed the latest agreement to free more than 400 people captured during the course of the two-year war.

Russia’s Defence Ministry said 195 of its soldiers were freed, while Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky said 207 people – both soldiers and civilians – had returned to Ukraine.

“Our people are back. 207 of them. We return them home no matter what,” Mr Zelensky said, in a social media post.

Russia’s defence ministry said, “195 Russian servicemen... were returned home”.

The exchange was brokered by the United Arab Emirates, which has played a role in several previous swops, Moscow said.

Ukraine said the youngest soldier returning home was 20, while the oldest was 61.

The freed Ukrainians include those who fought in Mariupol and on Snake Island – a scrubby rock in the Black Sea that secured worldwide fame when the Ukrainians stationed there issued an expletive-laden radio message to Russian attackers.

50th swop

The announcement of the swop – in a flurry of statements and photos released simultaneously by Moscow and Kyiv – contrasted sharply with the rhetoric surrounding last week’s crash.

Mr Zelensky has accused Moscow of “playing with the lives of Ukrainian prisoners”, while Moscow said Ukraine committed a “terrorist act”.

Uncertainty remains after the Russian plane was crashed in a fireball in the western Belgorod region on Jan 24.

Moscow says it was ferrying 65 Ukrainian POWs on the way to a scheduled exchange.

President Vladimir Putin said it was “obvious” Ukraine shot it down and claimed Kyiv knew dozens of its soldiers could have been on board.

On Jan 31, he said a US Patriot system was used to down the plane.

“This has already been established by forensics,” President Putin said, in a televised appearance.

Ukraine has not outright denied Moscow’s version of events, but questioned whether captured Ukrainian soldiers were actually on board and said Moscow never told it in advance that POWs would be flown near the border.

Officials in Kyiv have called for Moscow to publish photos of the dead POWs’ bodies or provide other evidence to back up its claims.

The Jan 31 exchange – which took place exactly a week after the plane was shot down – was the 50th swop between the two sides since Russia invaded in February 2022, Kyiv said.

Ukraine said more than 3,000 POWs have now been returned. A similar number of Russians have also been freed, with most exchanges based on a one-for-one format.

Thousands who have been captured or surrendered throughout the near two-year war are thought to still be in captivity.

‘Not stopping’

On the battlefield, both sides reported ongoing fights for territory across the sprawling front line.

Mr Oleksandr Shtupun, a spokesman for Ukraine’s army, said Ukraine’s forces were “firmly on the defensive” in the eastern Donetsk region.

“The enemy does not stop trying to surround Avdiivka,” he said, in an interview with state TV.

Russian forces have been trying to capture the strategic town – which Ukrainians see as a symbol of resistance – for months.

Ukraine also said Russia fired drones and missiles overnight in the latest aerial bombardment.

On the diplomatic front, Kyiv is hoping for a breakthrough this week over unlocking €50 billion (S$72 billion) of aid from the European Union.

EU leaders will meet on Feb 1 to discuss future support for Kyiv, hoping to reach a final agreement over a massive four-year financial aid package that was blocked by Hungary in 2023. AFP