Venezuela moves to cut oil output due to US export embargo

Venezuela’s state-run oil company PDVSA has begun cutting crude production because it is running out of storage capacity due to an ongoing US oil blockade that has reduced exports to zero, piling more pressure on an interim government trying to hang on to power in the face of US threats of more military action.

Caracas is in political crisis under an interim government after

President Nicolas Maduro and his wife were captured by US forces on Jan 3.

The OPEC country’s oil exports, its main source of revenue, are now at a standstill following a US blockade on tankers under sanctions and the seizure of two oil cargoes in December.

Chevron’s cargo bound for the US had been an exception, continuing to move, because the company has a licence from Washington for its operations. But even those have stopped since Jan 1, shipping data showed on Jan 4.

As part of his announcement of Mr Maduro’s detention and a government transition overseen by the US, President Donald Trump said on Jan 3 that

an “oil embargo” on the country was in full force.

PDVSA’s move includes shutting down oilfields or well clusters as onshore stocks mount and the company runs out of diluents to blend Venezuela’s heavy crude for shipment.

The company requested output cuts to joint ventures including China National Petroleum Corporation’s (CNPC) Petrolera Sinovensa, Chevron’s Petropiar and Petroboscan and Petromonagas, the sources said.

Petromangas, previously operated by PDVSA and Russian state-run Roszarubezhneft, is being run solely by PDVSA.

PDVSA and CNPC did not immediately reply to requests for comment.

Chevron said on Jan 4 that it continues to operate “in full compliance with all relevant laws and regulations”, without providing details.

Workers at Sinovensa on Jan 4 were preparing to disconnect up to 10 well clusters at PDVSA’s request, one of the sources said, after an over-accumulation of extra heavy crude and a diluents shortage. However, the wells could be quickly reconnected in future, the person added.

A portion of Sinovensa’s oil output is typically delivered to China as debt service payment. But two China-flagged supertankers that were approaching Venezuela to load oil stopped at the end of December, LSEG shipping data showed.

At Petromonagas, workers began reducing output late last week until diluent supplies through pipeline resume, another source said.

On its side, Chevron has not cut product output yet as it has some room to keep storing, particularly at Petropiar, and tankers have not stopped loading. However, its vessels have not left the country’s waters since Jan 1 and storage capacity is limited at Petroboscan, which could ultimately lead to cuts, another source said.

Domino effect

Even though its infrastructure was not targeted by US strikes on the weekend, PDVSA is struggling to keep operations running amid the American pressure. On top of the ship blockade and forced price discounts in consequence, the company has not fully recovered systems from a cyberattack in December, workers said.

Crude production cut backs, which could have a domino effect on other operations including refining and domestic fuel supply, are bad news for an interim government that will need revenue to remain in power and secure domestic stability.

Venezuelan Oil Minister Delcy Rodriguez, who is now Venezuela’s interim president, said in December the country would continue producing and exporting oil despite the US measures.

But the US pressure has forced PDVSA to store oil in vessels since late December and slow down cargo deliveries at its main port, Jose. If loaded tankers cannot depart, company executives and experts view more output cuts as unavoidable.

After filling more than 45 per cent of its 48 million barrel onshore storage capacity and sending fuel oil to open-air waste pools, PDVSA two weeks ago began loading tankers with crude and fuel as floating storage. There are now more than 17 million barrels in ships waiting to depart, according to TankerTrackers.com.

No tankers were docked on Jan 4 at Jose to load either for export or domestic supply, TankerTrackers.com added. The company, which in the second half of 2024 ramped up imports of much-needed naphtha and light oil to dilute its extra heavy crude output, in December began having problems receiving cargo from Russia amid the US blockade.

Venezuela produced about 1.1 million barrels per day (bpd) of oil in November and exported 950,000 bpd that month, but the US measures knocked shipments down to around 500,000 bpd in December, according to preliminary figures based on ship movements. REUTERS