Trump claims again that he has ended seven wars. Here’s a closer look

US President Donald Trump repeated his claim that he had ended seven “unendable wars” during his address to the United Nations General Assembly on Sept 23, saying: “It’s too bad I had to do these things instead of the United Nations doing them.”

Mr Trump, who has a history of boasting about his role as a resolver of world conflicts as he campaigns for a Nobel Peace Prize, also disparaged the work of the United Nations, a body that he said “did not even try to help in any of them”.

“What is the purpose of the United Nations?” he asked. All the institution does, he added, is “write a really strongly worded letter and then never follow that letter up”.

In some of the instances that Mr Trump claims to have brokered peace, the warring parties have credited him with calming hostilities or advancing talks towards a peace agreement.

But his role is disputed or less clear in others. And in two major conflicts, the wars in the Gaza Strip and Ukraine, Mr Trump’s efforts so far have failed.

Here’s a closer look at Mr Trump’s peace claims.

Armenia and Azerbaijan

Mr Trump brought the

leaders of Armenia and Azerbaijan to the White House

in August to sign a joint declaration aimed at bringing their long-running conflict closer to an end.

Although it was not a peace deal, it was the first commitment towards reaching an agreement since violence broke out in the 1980s.

Leaders of both countries praised Mr Trump for stepping in, but Azerbaijan continues to demand that Armenia change its constitution to remove mentions of the disputed Nagorno-Karabakh region.

Azerbaijan also still occupies small areas of Armenia, citing security concerns, and the countries have not agreed on a shared border.

Congo and Rwanda

In June, the top diplomats from Rwanda and Congo went to the Oval Office in Washington to

sign a peace agreement aimed at ending a war

that has raged for more than three decades.

Mr Trump called the accord “a glorious triumph”.

But talks on a comprehensive agreement have since faltered, and deadly fighting has continued.

India and Pakistan

Mr Trump has taken credit for mediating an end to a military conflict between the two nuclear powers that broke out anew in May after a terrorist attack in Kashmir killed 26 civilians.

India has acknowledged the United States played a role in mediating the conflict, but says it negotiated an end to the fighting directly with Pakistan.

India claims that Pakistani officials asked for ceasefire talks because of pressure from India’s military assaults. Pakistan denies this and has thanked Mr Trump for helping to end the hostilities.

The differing accounts have contributed to a deterioration of relations between Washington and New Delhi, which is also playing out in Mr Trump’s trade war.

Israel and Iran

After

12 days of military strikes in June

that included US attacks on Iranian nuclear sites, Mr Trump abruptly announced a ceasefire agreement. He said that the United States had mediated it and claimed that Israel had turned around its warplanes at his behest.

Although neither side has disputed the American role in the truce, its durability remains in question.

While American intelligence has determined that the US bombings badly damaged Iran’s most advanced nuclear enrichment site, some experts believe that Tehran could eventually resume enriching uranium, which is needed to build a nuclear weapon, at other sites.

Both Israel and the United States have vowed never to let Iran obtain a nuclear weapon.

Cambodia and Thailand

The two South-east Asian neighbours engaged this summer in

several days of fighting on their border

that killed at least 42 people and displaced more than 300,000, one of the bloodiest conflicts between them in decades.

At the time, the Trump administration was discussing trade deals with a host of countries, and Mr Trump said he had told the leaders of Thailand and Cambodia that he would stop trade talks unless they agreed to a ceasefire.

Two days later, officials met in Malaysia for talks organised by Malaysian and American officials and reached a deal to pause hostilities.

Although the fighting has stopped, critics of Mr Trump’s approach say his intervention did not address the underlying causes of the conflict.

Egypt and Ethiopia

Egypt and Ethiopia are not engaged in a military conflict, but there are fears a diplomatic dispute between them over Africa’s largest hydroelectric dam might start a war.

Mr Trump’s diplomacy has done little to resolve the dispute. Ethiopia has announced that it completed the dam, which officially opened in September. Egypt and Sudan oppose the project, fearing it will limit the flow of water from the Nile River to their countries.

Kosovo and Serbia

Mr Trump also cited Kosovo and Serbia in his speech.

In 2020, the two nations signed an agreement to pursue economic engagement in the Oval Office. But no peace agreement has been signed between them.

The dispute stems from the status of Kosovo, which declared its independence 15 years ago, almost a decade after Nato’s 78-day bombing campaign in 1999 that drove Serb forces, then engaged in the brutal mistreatment of ethnic Albanians, from Kosovo.

While an independent Kosovo has been recognised by the United States and many European countries, Serbia – as well as its key allies Russia and China – still refuses to recognise Kosovo’s independence. NYTIMES