WASHINGTON (REUTERS) - The Trump administration on Thursday (Nov 12) unveiled an executive order prohibiting US investments in Chinese firms that Washington says are owned or controlled by the Chinese military, ramping up pressure on Beijing after the United States election.

The order, which was first reported by Reuters, could impact some of China's biggest companies, including
China Telecom, China Mobile and surveillance equipment maker Hikvision.

The move is designed to deter US investment firms, pension funds and others from buying shares of 31 Chinese companies that were designated by the Defence Department as backed by the Chinese military earlier this year.

Starting Jan 11, the order will prohibit purchases by US investors of the securities of those companies. Transactions made to divest ownership in the companies will be permitted until Nov 11, 2021.

"China is increasingly exploiting United States capital to resource and to enable the development and modernisation of its military, intelligence, and other security apparatuses," said the order released by the White House.

In a stock exchange filing, China Telecom said it estimated the executive order might impact the price of its shares, which closed down 7.8 per cent in Hong Kong on Friday, and American depository shares, adding that it would "closely monitor" developments.

Another telecom operator, China Unicom Hong Kong, said companies affected by the order would include its parent, China United Network Communications Group.

China Unicom also said in its filing, it expected an impact on its shares, which fell 6.7 per cent on Friday, and American depository shares, adding it was "considering appropriate steps to protect its and its investors' lawful rights".

White House trade adviser Peter Navarro estimated that at least half a trillion dollars in market capitalisation was represented by the Chinese companies and their subsidiaries.

"This is a sweeping order designed to choke off American capital to China's militarization," he told reporters on a call.

The move is the first major policy initiative by President Donald Trump since losing the Nov 3 election to Democratic rival Joe Biden and indicates that he is seeking to take advantage of the waning months of his administration to crack down on China, even as he has appeared laser-focused on challenging the election result.

Mr Biden has won enough of the battleground states to surpass the 270 electoral votes needed in the state-by-state Electoral College that determines the next president, but Republican Trump has so far refused to concede, citing unsubstantiated claims of voting fraud.

Thursday's action is likely to further weigh on already fraught ties between the world's top two economies, which are at loggerheads over China's handling of the coronavirus pandemic and its move to impose security legislation on Hong Kong.

Mr Biden has not laid out a detailed China strategy but all the indications are that he will continue a tough approach to Beijing, with whom Mr Trump has become increasingly confrontational in his last year in office.

WALL STREET INTERESTS

The order echoes a Bill filed by Republican senator Marco Rubio last month that sought to block access to US capital markets for Chinese companies that have been blacklisted by Washington, including those added to the Defence Department list.

"Today's action by the Trump administration is a welcome start to protecting our markets and investors," said Mr Rubio, a top congressional China hawk. "We can never put the interests of the Chinese Communist Party and Wall Street above American workers and mom-and-pop investors."

His comments were echoed by Republican Congressman Jim Banks, who described the order as "one of the wisest and most significant foreign policy decisions President Trump has made since he entered office".

Rubio's Bill and the order are part of a growing effort by Congress and the administration to thwart Chinese companies that enjoy the backing of US investors but do not comply with US rules faced by American rivals.

It also shows a new willingness to antagonise Wall Street in the rivalry with Beijing.

In August, US Securities and Exchange Commission and Treasury officials urged Mr Trump to delist Chinese companies that trade on US exchanges and fail to meet its auditing requirements by January 2022.

Thursday's move received a cool reception on Wall Street, where shares were already pulling back from recent gains. The iShares China Large-Cap ETF extended falls.

"The market is probably worried that President Trump is going to increase tensions with China and Iran in his last two months as president," said Mr Chris Zaccarelli, chief investment officer of the Independent Advisor Alliance.

Still, it was unclear how investors would react to the order. The order bans transactions only, so they would technically be able to hold on to their current investments.

While the document does not spell out specific penalties for violations, it gives the Treasury Department the ability to invoke "all powers" granted by the International Emergency Economic Powers Act, which authorises the use of tough sanctions.

Questions also remain about whether Mr Biden, who would take office just nine days after the order goes into effect, would enforce it or simply revoke it. His campaign did not immediately respond to a request for comment.