California's deadliest wildfire finally tamed

A home is overshadowed by towering smoke plumes as the Camp Fire races through town in Paradise, California, on Nov 8, 2018. PHOTO: AFP

LOS ANGELES (AFP) - The deadliest and most destructive fire in California's history was finally brought totally under control by firefighters more than two weeks after it erupted, the authorities said on Sunday (Nov 25).

The so-called Camp Fire, which broke out on Nov 8, is so far known to have killed 87 people, although another 249 people remain unaccounted for. That figure has fallen sharply over the weekend, having stood at 474 last Friday.

"#CampFire... is now 100% contained," Cal Fire, the state fire authority, said in a bulletin on Twitter.

Only 54 of the fatalities have been identified, according to the local sheriff's office in Butte County, around three hours' drive north of San Francisco.

A total of 62,052 hectares were affected by the fire, with nearly 14,000 homes and hundreds of other structures destroyed.

Heavy downfalls that have soaked the fire zone in the past days helped douse the remaining flames, but also made it more difficult for crews searching for bodies.

The Camp Fire was the second major blaze to hit California in recent weeks, with a fire in the Malibu area near Los Angeles also killing three people.

The smoke from the Camp Fire was so intense that schools in San Francisco had to close at one point earlier this month, as did the city's famed cable car and Alcatraz Island.

California's governor, Mr Jerry Brown, has warned that the state can expect a growing number of major fires as a result of global warming.

US President Donald Trump, who visited one of the worst-hit towns, called Paradise, on Nov 17, caused some consternation by saying that the fires were due in part to forestry mismanagement.

Ahead of the announcement that the fire has been totally tamed, the authorities had already begun letting residents return to some of the worst-hit areas to inspect the damage to their homes.

In a joint bulletin posted last Saturday, the police and fire service said evacuation orders that had been put in place for some areas over the last fortnight were being lifted for both residents and non-residents, while warning that essential services were still "very limited".

"Prior to returning home, residents are encouraged to take steps to ensure they have food, water and fuel for their vehicles," said the statement.

While Mr Brown has warned that mega fires such as those in Butte and Malibu will cease to be "abnormal" events, the state has allocated about US$1 billion (S$1.37 billion) over the next five years for fire prevention.

Much of the cash will go to education and suppression activities such as clearing grasses and other vegetation, according to officials.

But many experts are calling for more restrictions on housing being built in forests as a means of eliminating danger before the blazes even break out.

"I think people are thinking about if there is a way we can design the new Paradise that can look like more of a European village or a ski town, and not have houses out in the forests," Mr Bill Stewart, co-director of the Centre for Forestry at the University of California, Berkeley, told AFP.

A recent study found that one-third of all US houses now are located in what researchers refer to as the wildland-urban interface, where houses and forest vegetation intermingle.

While Mr Trump has repeatedly expressed scepticism about global warming, a new report by his administration warned last Friday that climate change will cost the US hundreds of billions of dollars annually by century's end unless drastic action is taken to cut carbon emissions.

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