AMMAN/WASHINGTON (REUTERS) – The leader of Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS) died when he blew himself and family members up during a US military raid in Syria, President Joe Biden said on Thursday (Feb 3), dealing a blow to the militant group’s efforts to reorganise as a guerilla force after losing large swathes of territory.

Abu Ibrahim al-Hashemi al-Quraishi, had led ISIS since the death in 2019 of its founder Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, who was also killed when he detonated explosives during a raid by US commandos.

As US forces approached Quraishi in north-west Syria overnight, he blew himself up also killing members of his own family, including women and children, according to Biden and US officials.

The blast was so big it blew bodies out of the three-storey building where Quraishi was and into surrounding streets in the town of Atmeh, US officials said, blaming ISIS for all civilian casualties.

“Thanks to the bravery of our troops, this horrible terrorist leader is no more,” Biden said in remarks at the White House.

Neither Biden nor US officials briefing reporters provided a death toll, but Syrian rescue workers said at least 13 people were killed, including four women and six children.

Quraishi’s death is another setback for ISIS nearly three years after its self-declared caliphate was dismantled and its fighters defeated by US and Iraqi forces.

Since then, ISIS has waged insurgent attacks in Iraq and Syria. The most recent was last month when its gunmen stormed a prison in northeastern Syria housing ISIS suspects.

Quraishi, a 45-year-old Iraqi, had remained largely in the shadows since succeeding Baghdadi who led the group at the height of its power, when it launched a lightning expansion in 2014 that shocked the world. It took control of large areas of Syria and Iraq, ruling over millions of people with a iron fist and inspiring attacks in the West.

Biden and US officials described Quraishi as the “driving force” behind the 2014 genocide of minority Yazidis in northern Iraq, and said he oversaw a network of ISIS branches from Africa to Afghanistan.

“Last night’s operation took a major terrorist leader off the battlefield and has sent a strong message to terrorist around the world: We will come after you and find you,” Biden said.

The killing of Quraishi helps restore some of the Biden administration’s foreign policy credentials after it was widely criticised for last year’s messy withdrawal of US forces from Afghanistan.

Residents in Atmeh, near the Syrian-Turkish border, said helicopters landed and heavy gunfire and explosions were heard during the raid that began around midnight. US forces used loud speakers to warn women and children to leave the area, they said.

US military procedures to guard against civilian casualties are under scrutiny, following a high-profile mistaken drone strike in Afghanistan that the Pentagon initially hailed a success.

Bodies in the rubble

A video taken by a resident and seen by Reuters showed the bodies of two apparently lifeless children and a man in the rubble of a building at the location.

Other footage showed rescue workers loading what appeared to be a small body wrapped in a white plastic sheet into an ambulance. Other body bags were in the back of the vehicle.

Using head torches, the workers looked for remains through chunks of concrete, children’s soft toys and women’s clothing in the wreckage. A kitchen was blackened and burned, windows hung from their frames and plastic utensils were half melted.

Reuters could not independently verify the images.

A Syrian man who witnessed the raid said he left his house after midnight and saw aircraft in the sky.

“Ten minutes later we heard screams. ‘Surrender, the house is surrounded,’” he said. “We heard fire. There was shelling from airplanes and machine guns.” Another witness said he saw several bodies at the scene.

“There was blood everywhere,” he told Reuters. He said one US helicopter appeared to suffer a mechanical failure and was blown up by the US forces.

Local leaders, security officials and residents in northern Iraq say ISIS has been re-emerging as a deadly threat, aided by a lack of central control in many areas.

“Quraishi’s killing is a huge deal and a huge blow to ISIS because ISIS never heard from this new leader,” Syria analyst Hassan Hassan said. “I think ISIS will continue to be weak and under pressure as long as the Americans are on the ground in Iraq and Syria and involved, because the US serves as feet on a spring: once you step off, it sort of bounces back.”

Quraishi was hiding out in a region of Syria that is home to several militant groups including an Al-Qaeda-affiliated faction whose leaders include foreign fighters.

US forces have for years used drones to target militants in the area, but Thursday’s operation appeared to be the largest by US forces in the north-west since the raid that killed al-Baghdadi, said Charles Lister, senior fellow with the Washington-based Middle East Institute.

Beyond Quraishi, who was once held in US custody, little is known of the group’s top levels – partly because it now operates in a secretive structure of autonomous local cells, rather than the centralised administration of the "caliphate".

The US-led coalition fighting ISIS said in mid-2019, after the group’s battlefield defeat, that it retained 14,000 to 18,000 members, including 3,000 foreigners, though precise numbers are as elusive as the group itself.

Analysts say many local fighters may have slipped back into normal life, ready to re-emerge when the opportunity emerges.

“This is an organisation that has retained a significant amount of manpower,” said Lister.

“In terms of kinetically operating cells, I imagine we are talking in the very low thousands in both countries together. But it’s virtually impossible to measure.”