Hamas tightens grip in Gaza as Trump pushes ahead with peace plan
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Hamas is looking to incorporate 10,000 of its police officers in the new Palestinian police force.
PHOTO: REUTERS
CAIRO/JERUSALEM – Hamas is cementing its hold over Gaza by placing loyalists in key government roles, collecting taxes and paying salaries, according to an Israeli military assessment seen by Reuters and sources in the Palestinian enclave.
Hamas’ continuing influence over key Gaza power structures has fuelled widespread scepticism about the prospects of US President Donald Trump’s peace plan
Mr Trump’s international Board of Peace, which is meant to supervise Gaza’s transitional governance, is holding its inaugural meeting in Washington on Feb 19
“Hamas is advancing steps on the ground meant to preserve its influence and grip in the Gaza Strip ‘from the bottom up’ by means of integrating its supporters in government offices, security apparatuses and local authorities,” the military said in a document presented to Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu in late January.
Hamas says it is ready to hand over administration of the enclave to a US-backed committee of Palestinian technocrats headed by Mr Ali Shaath, a former Palestinian Authority official in the occupied West Bank. But it says Israel has not yet allowed committee members to enter Gaza to assume their responsibilities.
Mr Netanyahu did not respond to Reuters’ questions about Hamas’ control over Gaza. An Israeli government official, speaking on condition of anonymity, dismissed any notion of a future role for the group as “twisted fantasy”, saying: “Hamas is finished as a governing authority in the Gaza Strip.”
The Israeli military declined to comment on Hamas’ assertions.
Israeli military officials say Hamas, which refuses to disarm
Reuters could not determine the full scope of Hamas’ appointments and attempts to replenish its coffers.
New governors
Hamas has named five district governors, all of them with links to its armed Al-Qassam Brigades, according to two Palestinian sources with direct knowledge of its operations. It has also replaced senior officials in Gaza’s economy and interior ministries, which manage taxation and security, the sources said.
And a new deputy health minister was shown touring Gaza hospitals in a ministry video released in January.
“Shaath may have the key to the car, and he may even be allowed to drive, but it is a Hamas car,” one of the sources told Reuters.
Israel’s military appears to have reached a similar conclusion.
“Looking ahead, without Hamas disarmament and under the auspices of the technocrat committee, Hamas will succeed, in our view, to preserve influence and control in the Gaza Strip,” it said in its assessment, which was first reported by Israel’s Channel 13 news. This is the most complete account of the document’s contents.
Mr Ismail al-Thawabta, director of the Hamas-controlled government’s media office, denied these were new appointments, saying temporary replacements had been found for posts left vacant during the war to “prevent any administrative vacuum” and ensure residents receive vital services while negotiations continue over next steps in the peace process.
The US State Department and Mr Shaath’s National Committee for the Administration of Gaza (NCAG) did not immediately respond to requests for comment.
A source close to the 15-member NCAG said it was aware of Hamas’ actions and was not happy about them.
On Feb 14, the committee issued a statement urging international mediators to step up efforts to resolve outstanding issues, saying it would not be able to carry out its responsibilities “without the full administrative, civilian and police powers necessary to implement its mandate effectively”.
Trump’s Board of Peace holds first meeting
US President Donald Trump’s (front row, centre) international Board of Peace is holding its inaugural meeting in Washington on Feb 19.
PHOTO: AFP
The appointment of Mr Shaath’s committee in January marked the start of the next phase of Mr Trump’s plan to end the war in Gaza, even as key elements of the first phase – including a complete cessation of hostilities between Israel and Hamas – remain unfulfilled.
The Board of Peace is expected to receive reports on the committee’s work on Feb 19.
Mr Trump is also expected to announce countries that will commit personnel for a UN-authorised stabilisation force and help train a new Palestinian police force, which the NCAG is expected to manage.
Hamas is looking to incorporate 10,000 of its police officers in the new force, Reuters reported in January. They include hundreds of members of its powerful internal security service, which has merged with the police, two sources in Gaza said.
Hamas’ Mr Thawabta dismissed the reports of a merger between the two forces as “entirely unfounded”, saying: “There has been no change whatsoever in their work or the scope of responsibilities of either one”.
Asked whether Israel would raise concerns about Hamas’ entrenchment in Gaza at the Feb 19 meeting, Mr Netanyahu’s office did not comment.
Israel has said repeatedly it opposes any role for Hamas in Gaza after it attacked southern Israel in October 2023
One of the stated goals of this campaign was “dismantling Hamas governing capabilities” in Gaza.
The group seized control of the territory in a brief civil war with its political rival, Fatah, in 2007. Since then, appointments to government ministries and municipal offices there have been decided by Hamas’ political wing. It also set up its own civil service, which employs tens of thousands of people.
At least 14 of Gaza’s 17 ministries are now operating, compared with five at the height of the war, according to the Israeli military document. At least 13 of its 25 municipalities have also resumed operations, it says.
Mr Thawabta said “this relative recovery” was not a product of “political considerations”.
“The organisational measures taken during the past period were necessary to prevent the collapse of the service system and do not conflict with any future arrangements agreed upon,” he said in a statement to Reuters.
According to the two sources, Hamas appointed the five governors along with four mayors to replace people killed or dismissed during the war. The selection of people with ties to its armed wing for the governors’ roles was to crack down on armed gangs, they said, adding that some had received weapons and financing from Israel.
Mr Netanyahu acknowledged Israeli backing for anti-Hamas clans in June, though Israel has provided few details.
Taxes on smuggled cigarettes, phones
Since a violent campaign against its opponents in the first weeks of the truce, Hamas has focused on maintaining public order and collecting taxes on its side of the “yellow line” agreed to demarcate Israeli- and Hamas-controlled areas, according to Israeli military officials and Gaza sources.
“There is no opposition to Hamas within the yellow line now, and it is taking over all economic aspects of daily life,” an Israeli military official told Reuters.
Mr Mustafa Ibrahim, a political commentator in Gaza, said looting and robbery had stopped.
“Hamas is trying to organise markets and streets through the traffic police,” Mr Ibrahim said. “Police stations have reopened... The tax department and Economy Ministry are working and collecting.”
Hamas collects taxes mainly from the private sector, the Israeli military document says. They include fees levied on Gaza merchants bringing in smuggled goods such as cigarettes, batteries, solar panels and mobile phones, according to three other sources, including a merchant.
Hamas has earned hundreds of millions of shekels by taxing smuggled cigarettes since the war began, according to an Israeli indictment filed in February against a suspected smuggling ring, which includes Israeli reservists serving in Gaza.
Hamas has also continued to pay salaries to public servants and fighters, which average around 1,500 shekels (S$610) a month, according to at least four Hamas sources.
“Every moment of delay in allowing the technocratic committee to enter the Gaza Strip leads to the imposition of a de facto reality, increasing the administrative and security control of the Hamas government in Gaza,” said Dr Reham Owda, a Palestinian political analyst. REUTERS
