World powers raise $1.3b for Lebanon, but ceasefire elusive

PARIS – World powers raised US$1 billion (S$1.3 billion) to ease the humanitarian crisis in Lebanon and support the Lebanese army at a conference in Paris on Oct 24, with France’s foreign minister urging Israel to heed the message to cease fire and focus on diplomacy.

Some 70 government delegations and 15 international organisations met in Paris to help Lebanon, but a low-level American presence and a looming election dimmed prospects for a swift halt to fighting.

“The message (for Israel) is simple: Cease fire!” France’s Foreign Minister Jean-Noel Barrot said at a news conference, reiterating that a Franco-American proposal for a temporary truce was still on the table.

Mr Barrot said more than US$800 million, including US$300 million from Washington, have been raised primarily to help up to a million displaced with food, healthcare and education.

A further US$200 million would go to the Lebanese Armed Forces (LAF), deemed as the guarantor of internal stability, and also vital to implementing the 2006 UN Security Council Resolution 1701 that calls for southern Lebanon to be free of any troops or weapons other than those of the Lebanese state.

France has historical ties with Lebanon and has been working with Washington in trying to secure a ceasefire. But its influence has been limited since Israel launched

a large-scale onslaught

on Iran-backed Hezbollah in September that has seen thousands displaced and more than 2,000 people killed.

“The storm we are currently witnessing is unlike any other, because it carries the seeds of total destruction,” Lebanon’s caretaker Prime Minister Najib Mikati told delegates, pleading for more pressure to be put on Israel.

Opening the conference, President Emmanuel Macron said there must not be a return to past cycles of violence.

“More damage, more victims, more strikes will not enable the end of terrorism or ensure security for everyone,” he said.

Despite the repeated calls for a ceasefire, there was no sign on Oct 24 of the conflict abating. Three Lebanese soldiers were killed in an Israeli strike near the border, the Lebanese army said.

US Secretary of State Antony Blinken skipped Paris and appeared to make little progress during a tour of the Middle East,

a final push for peace

before the Nov 5 US election.

UN forces, Lebanese army are key

The UN Security Council resolution has never been fully implemented and, amid a two-year political power vacuum and collapsed economy, the Lebanese army has no real weight to play its role in the south of the country.

“The final objective is to recruit, train and equip 6,000 new LAF units,” an Italian diplomatic source said, adding that Rome would soon organise its own conference focused on this.

Italy has some 1,000 troops as part of the UN peacekeeping mission in Lebanon.

Diplomats say that, once there is a ceasefire, the mission will need to be made more robust.

“Let’s not reinvent the wheel. We have to make it work,” EU foreign policy chief Josep Borrell said, adding that amending its mandate would need a new UN Security Council vote.

Mr Borrell said there was scope to increase Unifil’s troop numbers to 15,000 under the current mandate.

“The objective this time is to find conditions that ensure the lasting application of 1701 so that peace returns on both sides”, something easier said than done, Mr Barrot, the French foreign minister, said.

But highlighting the differences in approach between Paris and Washington, two diplomats said Washington’s representative has put the blame squarely on Hezbollah when addressing delegates, saying it is time for the militant group to disarm.

European and Arab nations are concerned that Washington has not called for an immediate ceasefire and fear the administration will not alter its position before the election on Nov 5.

“France wants a ceasefire and believes that Hezbollah will not be eliminated,” said a Middle East diplomat. “The US wants the destruction of Hezbollah and is encouraging the Israelis to go further.” REUTERS