Britain sees 50% spike in major cyber attacks as top firms targeted

LONDON – Britain saw a significant increase in major cyber attacks by criminals and hostile states over 2024, the country’s cyber-security agency said, following a spate of high-profile incidents targeting companies from Jaguar Land Rover to the Marks and Spencer Group.

Britain’s National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC), part of its signals intelligence agency GCHQ, said it had dealt with 429 cyber incidents in the 12 months to the end of August. It categorised nearly half of those as “nationally significant”, meaning it was responding to four such incidents a week.

Some 18 of the cases were classed by the NCSC as “highly significant”, having a “serious impact” on central government, essential services or the economy. It said that represented a 50 per cent increase over the previous year.

The data, revealed by NCSC chief Richard Horne in a speech on Oct 14, suggests the cyber-security threat to businesses in Britain goes well beyond the recent public cases. “Over the past few weeks and months, we have seen household names impacted by cyber incidents  across all sectors of the economy, from retail to manufacturing and transport. And those are just the incidents that have made the headlines,” he said, according to a press release by the NCSC.

‘Strategic foreign interference’

In August, Jaguar Land Rover was hit by a major cyber attack that led to the company shutting down manufacturing sites around the world. The disruption, which likely cost the company hundreds of millions of dollars, spread throughout its supply chain, threatening thousands of jobs. 

In an unprecedented move, the British government stepped in, agreeing to guarantee a £1.5 billion (S$2.6 billion) emergency loan, so that the firm could pay its suppliers.

A cyber attack on a key provider of airline check-in and boarding systems snarled travel at major European airports, including London’s Heathrow, in September, forcing staff to process passengers manually and triggering delays and cancellations. 

In April, hackers struck Marks and Spencer, costing the retailer an estimated £300 million. Meanwhile, The Co-operative Group – a consumer cooperative with a group of retail businesses – estimated a £206 million underlying margin impact from a cyber attack earlier in 2025.

The British government’s handling of national security issues is under scrutiny following the collapse of an espionage case involving two men accused of spying for China. Mr Horne previously named China as the dominant threat to cyber security in Britain.

On Oct 13, MI5, Britain’s domestic security service, warned politicians and their staff that they are being targeted by spies from China, Russia and Iran in efforts geared towards undermining British democracy.

“The UK is a target of long-term strategic foreign interference and espionage from elements of the Russian, Chinese and Iranian states which, in different ways, seek to further their economic and strategic interests and cause harm to our democratic institutions,” MI5 said. Bloomberg