SALFORD - The thermometer sinks below zero as a blizzard of fine snow descends on two freshly built houses inside a massive laboratory in northern England.

Despite the icy conditions, the two energy-efficient homes remain cosy and warm due to their use of cutting-edge heating and insulation technology.

Welcome to Energy House 2.0 – a science experiment designed to help the world’s house builders slash carbon emissions, save energy and tackle climate change.

The project, based in a laboratory resembling a giant warehouse on Salford University’s campus near the centre of Manchester, opened in January.

Rain, wind, sunshine and snow can be recreated in temperatures ranging from 40 deg C to minus 20 deg C, operated from a control centre.

“What we’ve tried to achieve here is to be able to replicate the weather conditions that would be experienced (by) around 95 per cent of the populated earth,” said Professor Will Swan, head of Energy House Laboratories at the university.

The facility, comprising two chambers that can experience different weather at the same time, will test types of housing from all over the world “to understand how we deliver their net-zero and energy-efficient homes”, he added.

The two houses, which are quintessentially British and constructed by firms with operations in Britain, will remain in place for a few years.

Other builders will then be able to rent space in the lab to put their properties under the spotlight.

The project’s first house was built by British property firm Barratt Developments and French materials giant Saint-Gobain. It is clad in decorative bricks over a frame of wood panels and insulation, with solar panels on the roof.

Scientists are examining the efficiency of several different types of heating systems, including air-source heat pumps.

In the living room, a hot-water circuit is located along the bottom of the walls, while further heat is provided via infra-red technology in the moulding and from a wall panel. Mirrors also act as infra-red radiators, while numerous sensors monitor which rooms are in use.

Residents will be able to manage the technology via one single-control system similar to Amazon’s voice-activated Alexa interface.

Builders estimate the cutting-edge tech will mean the energy bill will be just one-quarter of what the average British home pays now – a boon to customers reeling from sky-high energy prices.

It will also make an important contribution to Britain’s efforts to reach zero carbon emissions by 2050 to combat climate change.

A parliamentary report found that in 2019, 17 per cent of heating emissions from buildings came from homes – making their contribution similar to all the petrol and diesel cars driving on British roads.

Environmental campaigners have long called on the British government to increase energy efficiency and insulation support for existing homes across Britain.

Mr Tom Cox, technical director for Britain at Saint-Gobain, said: “One of the key technologies that we’re trying on this house is almost like a building management system for residential buildings.

“It’s almost like the Alexa of the home energy system – and that can be automated as much as the occupant wants.”

And now with their mega lab, scientists and companies no longer have to wait for extreme swings in the weather.

“We can test a year’s worth of weather conditions in a week,” said Mr Cox. The “ultimate goal is to create that environment which is comfortable and cost-effective, and commercially viable to deliver”.

He added: “At the same time, (we are) addressing the sustainability issues that we have in construction.” AFP