Trump says he backs Ukraine, but early concessions to Russia spark concerns

WASHINGTON/PARIS – US President Donald Trump has promised a swift end to the Ukraine war but, with talks about to begin, the author of The Art Of The Deal may have already complicated his task by sacrificing leverage.

Mr Trump, who took office on Jan 20,

separately discussed the war

on Feb 12 with Russian President Vladimir Putin and with Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky, and told US officials to begin talks on ending the nearly three-year-long war.

The phone calls came shortly after Defence Secretary Pete Hegseth told Ukraine’s military allies in Brussels a return to Ukraine’s pre-2014 borders – before Russia annexed Crimea – was unrealistic and that the US does not see

Nato membership for Kyiv

as part of a solution.

He said US troops would not be part of any security presence in Ukraine.

Mr Michael McFaul, former US ambassador to Russia under president Barack Obama’s administration from 2012 to 2014, questioned the Trump administration’s strategy towards Russia and Ukraine ahead of impending negotiations.

“Why is the Trump administration giving Putin gifts – Ukrainian land and no Nato membership for Ukraine – before negotiations even begin?” Mr McFaul asked on social media site X.

“I’ve negotiated with the Russians. You never give up anything to them for free.”

Russia occupies around a fifth of Ukraine and has demanded that Kyiv cede territory and become permanently neutral under any peace deal. Ukraine demands that Russia withdraw from captured land and wants Nato membership or equivalent security guarantees to prevent Moscow from attacking again.

Mr Putin has said repeatedly that Russia is open to talks to end the conflict but that it would nevertheless achieve its goals in Ukraine of Moscow securing the country’s “demilitarisation” and neutrality.

While Trump administration officials had signalled for some time that they would not support all of Ukraine’s goals, remarks by Mr Hegseth and Mr Trump jolted European allies.

“No Nato membership, no boots on the ground? Sounds like abandoning Ukraine,” former Lithuania foreign minister Gabrielius Landsbergis posted on X in response to Mr Hegseth’s comments, which come ahead of the Munich Security Conference for political and military leaders later this week.

“Delegates are flying to Munich not to negotiate, but to deliver Zelensky the bad news.”

Mr Trump, when asked later on Feb 12 if Mr Hegseth’s remarks had taken away any US leverage, told reporters: “I’m backing Ukraine.”

Concession to reality

Dr Stephen Wertheim, senior fellow at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace think-tank, described Mr Hegseth’s comments as a “concession to reality”.

“Hegseth’s remark does not imply any US willingness to recognise occupied Ukrainian territory as legally Russian,” he said, adding that ruling out Nato membership “signals to Russia that a realistic settlement may be achievable”.

Since the war began in February 2022, Mr Trump’s predecessor Joe Biden – along with European allies – stood firm in demanding Russia withdraw and held out the possibility of eventual Nato membership. The US and Europe have given Ukraine tens of billions of dollars in military aid.

Russia also has been diplomatically isolated at the United Nations, where three-quarters of the 193-member General Assembly repeatedly voted to denounce Moscow’s invasion of Ukraine and demand that it withdraw its troops.

The Kremlin said on Feb 12 Mr Putin and Mr Trump had agreed to meet, and that

Mr Putin had invited Mr Trump to visit Moscow

. Such a trip would be a major boost for the Russian President, who faces an International Criminal Court arrest warrant over his actions in Ukraine.

Mr Brett Bruen, former foreign policy adviser in the Obama administration, likened Mr Trump’s agreement to meet Mr Putin to him granting two high-profile summits in his first term in office to North Korean leader Kim Jong Un to try to curb Pyongyang’s nuclear programme.

Mr Kim pressed ahead with nuclear weapons development anyway.

“This is the kind of stuff you should get concessions for,” he said. “You demand that the Kremlin not only free more Americans but also cede territory in Ukraine.”

Minerals for security

Mr Trump’s calls and Mr Hegseth’s remarks coincided with a visit to Kyiv by US Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent, who said a minerals deal between Kyiv and Washington would provide Ukraine with a post-war “security shield”. Mr Zelensky said he was ready to do a deal to open mineral resources to US investment.

Mr Trump on Feb 12 signalled that a minerals deal would provide security for US funding for Ukraine, saying: “I told Biden; I said, ‘You ought to be asking for either a loan or some kind of a security, like their oil and gas or something for the money’.”

Mr John Herbst, US ambassador to Ukraine between 2003 and 2006 under president George W. Bush’s administration, said that the US had surrendered some leverage with Russia, but that Mr Bessent’s visit to Kyiv was a positive signal.

“Trump is talking about exchanging American weapons for the Ukrainians minerals. So this is a vehicle under Trump’s logic for sending weapons to Ukraine,” Mr Herbst said. “That’s a big deal and very positive.”

Still, a quick deal on uneven terms would be a dangerous precedent.

British lawmaker and former foreign secretary James Cleverly said that starting a negotiation by setting out what one side should give up was “not a strong move”.

“Giving the impression that invasion pays off is not a strong move. Regimes are watching closely. Let’s send the message that violence and aggression don’t win out. I stand with Ukraine,” he posted on X. REUTERS