Russia weighs halt to peace talks unless Ukraine cedes territory

MOSCOW - Russian officials increasingly consider there is no point to continue US-led peace talks with Ukraine unless Kyiv is willing to cede territory to reach a deal, according to people familiar with the negotiations.

Talks planned for next week

will be decisive in whether or not the sides can agree on terms to end the war, two people close to the Kremlin said. Russia will likely walk away if Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky fails to make the concession, they said, asking not to be identified because the matter is sensitive.

Russia is ready to sign a draft memorandum for a peace accord if Ukraine agrees to withdraw from its eastern Donetsk region, one of the people said. That would be followed quickly by a presidential summit between Mr Vladimir Putin, US President Donald Trump and Mr Zelensky to confirm the deal, triggering a mutual pullback of the Russian and Ukrainian armies, the person said. 

To be sure, the

territorial issue is the most difficult

to resolve in the efforts to end the Russian full-scale invasion that entered its fifth year this week. Mr Zelensky insists that the fortified area of Donetsk still under Ukraine’s control is vital for defending the country against any future Russian attack, and that Kyiv will not recognise Moscow’s illegal occupation of any Ukrainian territory. 

Mr Trump and Mr Zelensky spoke by phone on Feb 25, and the Ukrainian president said they agreed the next round of negotiations with Russia should “create an opportunity to move talks to the leaders’ level”. The talks may take place around March 4 to 5. 

Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov did not respond to a request for comment. He told reporters on Feb 27 that preparations for the next round of talks were taking place, though Russia saw no “substantial change” in Ukraine’s position.

Mr Zelensky has proposed a ceasefire along existing frontlines and a commitment to seek the restoration of Ukraine’s territories by diplomatic means only, alongside US and European security guarantees against Russian attack. He has repeatedly rejected Russian demands to withdraw troops from areas Moscow has failed to capture in fighting since 2014.

The US has suggested the creation of a free economic zone in the area, though Ukraine says it must remain under Kyiv’s flag. Russia wants its national guard police to be present on the ground.

Russia is ready to withdraw troops from Ukraine’s north-eastern Sumy and Kharkiv regions as well as the Dnipropetrovsk region as part of the accord, and will not press demands for more territory in the southern regions of Kherson and Zaporizhzhia, one person said.

Russia would agree to US-led monitoring of the truce, though it would not accept any foreign troops in Ukraine, and would also drop a demand to limit the size of the Ukrainian army, the person said. 

The future of Ukraine’s Russian-occupied Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant is also still being negotiated. Russia backs a three-way split of power generation at the plant with the US and Ukraine, while Kyiv supports a 50-50 split with the US, which would be free to share electricity supply with Moscow. 

US, Ukrainian and Russian negotiating teams have met twice this year in Abu Dhabi and

again last week in Geneva

to try to hammer out an agreement. Kremlin envoys told US officials after the Geneva meeting that further negotiations would be meaningless without a Ukrainian concession on territory, as practically all other issues had been resolved, according to the people familiar.

US envoy Steve Witkoff and Mr Jared Kushner, Mr Trump’s son-in-law, met Ukrainian officials in Geneva on Feb 26 to discuss a “prosperity” package of post-war reconstruction and investment. 

“We’re at a make or break moment,” said Mr Thomas Graham, a former US National Security Council senior director for Russia, who is now at the Council on Foreign Relations. “So it’s a deal or we’re no deal and no serious negotiations for quite some time.”

The deal favored by Russia resembles proposals first put forward by Mr Witkoff when he traveled to Moscow shortly before Mr Putin’s August summit with Mr Trump in Alaska, according to four people in Moscow familiar with the matter. 

Mr Witkoff told Mr Putin the US would push for Ukraine to relinquish the Donbas region consisting of Donetsk and neighboring Luhansk provinces, if Russia agreed to freeze the conflict along existing lines and drop claims to Ukrainian-controlled parts of Zaporizhzhia and Kherson regions, the people said, asking not to be identified discussing internal issues.

The White House did not respond to a request for comment.

A day before Mr Putin traveled to Anchorage, he assembled top officials in the Catherine Hall of the Kremlin to seek their views. It was the same room where he had staged a televised meeting with officials days before the invasion to demand their support for recognizing Donetsk and Luhansk as “independent”.

“How do you see this plan?” Mr Putin asked the officials seated in a semicircle before him, according to people familiar with the meeting. Initially silent, officials rose one by one to speak and the majority backed the proposal, arguing that the war should end, according to the people. 

Expectations of an agreement between the US and Russia at the summit fell through, though Mr Trump abandoned previous demands that Putin accept a ceasefire in order to create space for peace talks. 

“In Anchorage, we accepted the US’s offer,” Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov said in a Feb 9 interview with BRICS TV. “They suggested, we agreed, the problem should be solved.”

Mr Witkoff claimed the two leaders agreed at the summit that the US would offer “Article 5-like language to Ukraine” in security guarantees, a reference to NATO’s mutual-defense clause. Russia has not confirmed that.

Mr Trump returned to the White House in January 2025 pledging to bring a rapid end to Europe’s worst conflict since World War II. More than 13 months of diplomacy have failed to reach a breakthrough, however. 

With the battlefield largely at a stalemate, waves of Russian air strikes have battered Ukraine’s energy infrastructure throughout the coldest winter in years, cutting power and heating for millions of people across the country.

Russia’s economy is also under deepening strain, with growth slowing and the government wrestling with a widening budget deficit.

A truce may be in the interests of both Ukraine and Russia, according to Ms Celeste Wallander, a former top Pentagon official during President Joe Biden’s administration, who worked on bolstering Kyiv’s defense capabilities in the first three years of the war. 

Still, Mr Putin’s strategic goal remains a “Ukrainian political leadership that is not independent,” she said. “That is not the end of the conflict with Ukraine, from the Kremlin’s point of view, that is just a step.” BLOOMBERG