Black smoke: Cardinals fail to elect new pope on first try

VATICAN CITY - Thick black smoke emerged on May 7 from the chimney of the Sistine Chapel, in a sign that cardinals had failed to elect a new head of the Catholic Church in their first conclave vote.

Tens of thousands of people gathered in St Peter’s Square to await the smoke, which came around three hours and 15 minutes after the 133 cardinals were closed in.

The prelates will now withdraw to the Santa Marta guesthouse, where they are staying for the election, before starting to vote again on May 8.

Cardinals were called back to Rome following

the death of Pope Francis

on April 21 after 12 years as head of the world’s 1.4 billion Catholics.

Under a centuries-old ritual, those aged under 80 vote in secrecy in the Sistine Chapel until one of them secures a two-thirds majority – 89 votes – to be elected pope.

Locked away to avoid distraction, their only means of communicating the outcome is by burning their ballots with chemicals to produce smoke.

It is black if there is no decision, white if they have a new pope.

This conclave is the largest and the most international ever, assembling cardinals from around 70 countries – many of whom did not previously know each other.

There is no clear front runner to succeed the charismatic Argentine Francis, with the cardinals representing a range of progressive and conservative traditions within the Church.

But the challenges facing the 2,000-year-old institution are clear.

The new pope will have to face diplomatic balancing acts at a time of geopolitical uncertainty, as well as deep splits within the Church.

There is also the continued fallout from the clerical child abuse scandal and – in the West – increasingly empty pews.

Waiting for the smoke

The start of the conclave, with a solemn procession of cardinals and other clergy into the Sistine Chapel, was streamed live on large screens in front of St Peter’s Basilica.

As night fell, the crowds swelled, including many young people and children. Some sang hymns while others danced.

One young woman in the square showed off her black miniature poodle dressed as the pope.

The screens went black at 9pm (3am on May 8, Singapore time), eliciting groans from the crowds, minutes before the black smoke was spotted wafting from the chimney – bringing on a new wave of disappointed reactions.

Still, Mr James Kleineck, 37, from Texas, said he was “excited” to witness the unique event.

“I don’t mind that it’s black smoke, it shows the Holy Spirit is at work. There will be other votes soon enough, we will get our pope,” he told AFP.

The cardinal electors had earlier gathered in the nearby Pauline Chapel in silent prayer before proceeding to the 15th-century Sistine Chapel, where tables and chairs were laid out beneath Michelangelo’s frescoes.

They took a group oath of secrecy before each cardinal approached the altar to utter his personal vow not to reveal what happened in the conclave, on pain of excommunication.

According to a video feed produced by the Vatican, they filed up one by one in front of the Renaissance master’s depiction of the Last Judgment, when Christians believe God determines who goes to heaven or hell.

The conclave’s master of ceremonies then declared “Extra omnes” – “Everybody out” in Latin – and then shut the heavy doors of the chapel.

There are four votes a day until a winner is elected.

Both Pope Francis and his predecessor Benedict XVI were elected within two days, but the longest papal election lasted 1,006 days, from 1268 to 1271.

Pray for unity

The cardinals joined a mass in St Peter’s Basilica ahead of the conclave on the morning of May 7, where Cardinal Giovanni Battista Re, dean of the College of Cardinals, offered some final advice.

“We are here to invoke the help of the Holy Spirit, to implore his light and strength so that the pope elected may be he whom the Church and humanity need at this difficult and complex turning point in history,” he said.

“This is also a strong call to maintain the unity of the Church... a unity that does not mean uniformity, but a firm and profound communion in diversity.”

He called it a choice of “exceptional importance”, requiring the red-robed prelates to set aside “every personal consideration”.

Cardinal Battista Re himself is too old to vote, with cardinal electors required to be under the age of 80.

The mass was the last rite to be celebrated publicly before the 267th pope is presented to the world from a balcony of St Peter’s Basilica.

Women protest

The cardinals have spent days discussing the most pressing challenges facing the Catholic Church and the character traits its new leader needs.

Burning issues include falling priest numbers, the role of women, the Vatican’s troubled balance sheets and how to adapt the Church to the modern world.

Cardinal Battista Re urged cardinals to pray for “a pope who knows how best to awaken the consciences of all... in today’s society, characterised by great technological progress but which tends to forget God”.

Meanwhile, across Rome, women’s rights activists gathered to protest against the absence of women in the conclave.

“We are saying to the cardinals, you cannot keep ignoring 50 per cent of the Catholic population,” said Ms Miriam Duignan of the UK-based Wijngaards Institute for Catholic Research.

Some 80 per cent of the cardinals voting were appointed by Pope Francis – an impulsive yet charismatic champion of the downtrodden.

But while cardinals have said they would favour a leader able to protect and develop his legacy, others want a more conservative defender of doctrine.

More than a dozen names are circulating, from Italian Pierbattista Pizzaballa to Hungary’s Peter Erdo and Sri Lanka’s Malcolm Ranjith. AFP