13% had symptoms of anxiety or depression amid pandemic: IMH

About 13 per cent of more than 1,000 participants in a study here reported symptoms of anxiety or depression during the Covid-19 pandemic, but a heartening 81.8 per cent said they would be willing to seek professional help for mental health issues relating to the virus.

These were some of the preliminary findings from a study by the Institute of Mental Health (IMH) that were announced at the Singapore Mental Health Conference 2021 yesterday.

Conducted in collaboration with the University of Hong Kong between May last year and June this year, the study involved 1,058 Singapore citizens and permanent residents.

In the two weeks before they were interviewed, 8.7 per cent of respondents met the criteria for clinical depression, while 9.4 per cent met the criteria for clinical anxiety. Out of all respondents, 4.8 per cent had both anxiety and depression.

In addition, 9.3 per cent met the criteria for mild to severe stress, while 7.6 per cent met the criteria for clinical insomnia.

Asked if the findings indicate a spike in mental health cases here, Dr Mythily Subramaniam, assistant chairman of IMH's Medical Board (Research), said that there are currently no baseline statistics with which to accurately compare the study findings.

But she noted that in a yet unpublished study by IMH conducted prior to Covid-19, about 3 per cent of the 350 people sampled met the criteria for anxiety and 6 per cent met the criteria for depression. Emphasising again that it is difficult to compare the two sets of statistics, she added: "It definitely looks like there has been an increase."

In IMH's latest study, 4.9 per cent of respondents said they had experienced suicidal thoughts in the two weeks before they were interviewed.

The top three sources of stress identified by participants were the risk of family members or friends getting infected by Covid-19, financial loss such as losing work opportunities or having to take unpaid leave, and unemployment.

There was, however, a silver lining in the results: 81.8 per cent of respondents said they would seek professional help if they were to develop any emotional or psychological problems related to Covid-19.

The top five sources - in descending order - from which people would ask for help were: general practitioners (GPs) or family doctors, counsellors, polyclinic doctors, psychiatrists, and religious or spiritual advisers.

National Care Hotline: 1800-202-6868 (8am to 12am)

• Fei Yue's Online Counselling Service: eC2.sg

• Institute of Mental Health's Mental Health Helpline: 6389-2222 (24 hours)

• Samaritans of Singapore: 1800-221-4444 (24 hours) /1-767 (24 hours)

• Singapore Association for Mental Health: 1800-283-7019

• Silver Ribbon Singapore: 6386-1928

• Tinkle Friend: 1800-274-4788

• TOUCHline (Counselling): 1800-377-2252

• TOUCH Care Line (for seniors, caregivers): 6804-6555

• Care Corner Counselling Centre: 1800-353-5800

Of the 17.8 per cent who said they would not seek professional help, 80.9 per cent said they could cope by themselves, while 50 per cent said they would seek help from friends and family first. About 22 per cent said it was too costly, while 21.3 per cent said they were too busy.

Dr Mythily said the number of those willing to seek help was heartening and a good thing.

"Typically, people are not willing to seek help for their mental health problems, whereas now with this pandemic, some of the stigma associated with mental health conditions has gone.

"People think, okay, now I have a reason, it's not a reflection on me. There's something outside my control which is causing stress, depression, or anxiety... It's also a collective feeling that everybody's struggling," she explained.

But she added that with more people seeking help with mental health, Singapore will need to build up its capabilities to meet this demand. "It is going to be the GPs and counsellors whom people want to see, so that group has to be supported," she said.

The study also found that certain factors such as social support were associated with higher resilience and a lower likelihood of stress and depression in respondents.

Highlighting the need for social and institutional support, as well as access to professional help, Dr Mythily said: "Covid-19 has had a significant impact on the mental health of Singaporeans. We have a resilient population, but we have to realise resilience is not an individual responsibility."