Malaysia election: Why the results spell trouble for Pakatan Harapan and Umno

3 political blocs have emerged from GE15. Race and religion remain key to Malaysian politics and in the reshaping of political alignments.

Pakatan Harapan supporters waving the coalition's flag at a post-election event in Subang, Malaysia, on Nov 20. PHOTO: BLOOMBERG
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The outcome of Malaysia’s 15th general election has been remarkable at many levels. For the first time since independence, no coalition managed to secure a conclusive victory which would allow it to form a government outright. The hung Parliament has triggered a period of intense horse-trading among the main contenders, which continues at the point of writing and will likely ensue over the course of a very unstable next five years.

The election was an absolute disaster for the Barisan Nasional (BN) coalition and especially its key component Umno, for which the by-election victories in Johor in 2022 and Melaka in 2021 proved to be little more than false dawns.

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