How real is the threat of a ‘neo-militarist’ Japan?

Defence spending and demographics tell a different story from the bogeyman created by China and Russia.

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Members of the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force aboard a Mogami-class stealth frigate May 21, 2026.

Members of the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force aboard a Mogami-class stealth frigate on May 21.

PHOTO: AFP

James D.J. Brown

Taking to the stage at the Shangri-La Dialogue in Singapore on May 31, Japan’s Defence Minister Shinjiro Koizumi defended his country’s security policy, saying “some of you may have heard the term ‘new militarism’ – but nothing could be further from the truth”.

His comments are a response to a Chinese-led campaign to raise international concerns about Japan’s defence build-up under Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi, who took power in October 2025.

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