Four ways to fix the bank problem

It is not clear how bad this crisis is going to be but reform is urgently needed.

The difference between the book value of the assets and debt liabilities of US commercial banks was US$2,137billion. PHOTO: REUTERS
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Banks are designed to fail. And so they do. Governments want them to be both safe places for the public to keep their money and profit-seeking takers of risk. They are at one and the same time regulated utilities and risk-taking enterprises.

The incentives for management incline them towards risk-taking, just as the incentives for states incline them towards saving the utility when risk-taking blows it up. The result is costly instability.

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