Singapore Underground
The way forward for water supply
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1. The Deep Tunnel Sewerage System (DTSS) enables PUB to phase out older water reclamation plants and intermediate pumping stations, freeing up 150ha of land - the equivalent of 214 football fields - for higher-value land use.
2. A total of 19 massive tunnel-boring machines (TBM) were used for the entire DTSS Phase 2 project, digging at depths of between 35m and 55m below ground and under the seabed. DTSS Phase 2 has featured some of the largest TBMs, with outer diameters of up to 7.5m, used in Singapore to date.
