Air India crash probe focuses on actions of plane’s captain: Report

A cockpit recording of dialogue between the two pilots of the Air India flight that crashed in June indicates the captain cut the flow of fuel to the plane’s engines, The Wall Street Journal (WSJ) reported on July 16.

The newspaper cited people familiar with US officials’ early assessment of evidence uncovered in the

investigation into the June 12 crash

in Ahmedabad, India, that killed 260 people.

A preliminary report on the crash, released by India’s Aircraft Accident Investigation Bureau (AAIB) on July 12, said one pilot was heard on the cockpit voice recorder asking the other

why he had cut off the fuel,

to which “the other pilot responded that he did not do so”.

Investigators did not identify which remarks were made by Captain Sumeet Sabharwal and which by First Officer Clive Kunder, who had total flying experience of 15,638 hours and 3,403 hours respectively.

Mr Kunder, who was flying the plane, asked Mr Sabharwal why he moved the fuel switches to the “cutoff” position seconds after lifting off the runway, WSJ reported.

The Journal did not say whether there was any evidence beyond the verbal exchange that Mr Sabharwal had moved the switches.

But it quoted US pilots who have read the Indian authorities’ report as saying that Mr Kunder, the pilot actively flying, likely would have had his hands full pulling back on the Dreamliner’s controls at that stage of the flight.

India’s AAIB, Directorate-General of Civil Aviation, Ministry of Civil Aviation, Air India and two unions representing Indian pilots did not immediately respond to Reuters’ requests for comment on the Wall Street Journal report. Boeing declined to comment.

The AAIB’s preliminary report said the fuel switches had gone from run to cutoff one second apart just after take-off, but it did not say how they were flipped.

Almost immediately after the plane lifted off, CCTV footage showed a backup energy source called a ram air turbine had deployed, indicating a loss of power from the engines. The London-bound plane began to lose thrust, and after reaching a height of 198m, it started to sink.

The fuel switches for both engines were turned back to run, and the plane automatically tried restarting the engines, the report said.

But it was too low and slow to be able to recover, aviation safety expert John Nance told Reuters.

The plane clipped some trees and a chimney before crashing in a fireball into a building on a nearby medical college campus, the report said, killing 19 people on the ground and 241 of the 242 on board.

No safety recommendations

In an internal memo on July 14, Air India chief executive Campbell Wilson said the preliminary report found no mechanical or maintenance faults, and that all required maintenance had been carried out. 

The AAIB’s preliminary report had no safety recommendations for Boeing or engine manufacturer GE.

After the report was released, the US Federal Aviation Administration and Boeing privately issued notifications saying the fuel switch locks on Boeing planes are safe, a document seen by Reuters showed and four sources with knowledge of the matter said.

The circumstantial evidence increasingly indicates that a crew member flipped the engine fuel switches, Mr Nance said, given there was “no other rationale explanation” consistent with the information released to date.

Nonetheless, investigators “still have to dig into all the factors” and rule out other possible contributing factors, which would take time, he said.

Most air crashes are caused by multiple factors, and under international rules, a final report is expected within a year of an accident. The Air India crash has rekindled debate over adding flight deck cameras, known as cockpit image recorders, on airliners.

Mr Nance said investigators likely would have benefited greatly from having video footage of the cockpit during the Air India flight.

Air India has faced additional scrutiny on other fronts after the crash.

The European Union Aviation Safety Agency said on July 17 that it plans to investigate its budget airline, Air India Express, after Reuters reported the carrier did not follow a directive to change engine parts of an Airbus A320 in a timely manner and falsified records to show compliance. REUTERS