BEIJING - China has set up weather stations on Cho Oyu, the sixth-highest mountain in the world on Tibet’s border with Nepal, expanding a series of high-altitude meteorological gauges in the Himalayas to monitor the impact of climate change on Asia’s “water tower”.

Scientists are increasingly watching how climate change is impacting the environmentally fragile Himalayas, home to the planet's tallest peaks and the source of water for rivers that hundreds of millions of people depend on.

Since the end of September, a Chinese team has set up five automatic weather stations on Cho Oyu, at altitudes from 4,950m to its summit at 8,201m, the official Xinhua news agency reported on Friday.

Snow and ice samples at the summit had been collected for the first time, Xinhua news agency reported.

Initial research showed that the ice layer on Cho Oyu was the thickest among peaks above 8,000m, with a thickness of more than 70m being seen, the report said.

The weather stations on Cho Oyu, which means “Turquoise Goddess” in Tibetan, expand a Chinese meteorological network in the Himalayas that includes monitoring of the 8,848m Everest, also on the border with Nepal, and the 8,013m Shishapangma in Tibet.

Monitoring the effects of global warming has taken on urgency after one of the warmest summers in the Northern Hemisphere in 2023.

Mont Blanc, Western Europe's highest peak, has lost more than 2m in height over two years because of its shrinking snowpack, researchers said on Thursday.

Torrential rain in India’s north-eastern Sikkim state burst the banks of a glacial lake and triggered flash floods this week, killing at least 40 people in the latest example of extreme weather events in the mountain range that scientists have blamed on climate change.

High-altitude surveillance was imperative to avoid disasters such as floods and ice avalanches as glaciers melt, Xinhua news agency reported, citing Professor Yang Wei, a researcher at the Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. REUTERS