WASHINGTON (REUTERS) - United States (US) President Barack Obama will lay out his strategy for getting around a divided Congress starting with a wage hike for federal contract workers in a State of the Union speech on Tuesday that reflects scaled-back legislative ambitions after a tough year.

Mr Obama will make clear in his 9pm EST (10am Singapore time on Wednesday) address that he is willing to bypass US lawmakers and go it alone in some areas by announcing a series of executive actions that do not require congressional approval.

The White House said Mr Obama would announce that he is issuing an executive order to raise the minimum wage to US$10.10 (S$12.89) an hour for federal contract workers with new contracts.

In his address, Mr Obama will also call on Congress to pass a bill to increase the federal minimum wage for all workers to US$10.10 an hour from US$7.25 and index that to inflation.

The executive order raising the level for federal contract workers, which applies to new contracts or existing contracts in which terms are being changed, will take effect at the beginning of next year, with janitors and construction workers among the beneficiaries.

Issuing the order allows the Democratic president to bypass Congress, where Republicans oppose a broad increase in the minimum wage. But liberals felt Mr Obama's move did not go far enough, arguing that he should have extended the wage hike to existing federal contracts.

"This action, while a step forward, suggests he may still be unwilling to take the fighting stance necessary to deliver the big wins over growing inequality that our country desperately needs," said Mr Jim Dean, chairman of the liberal advocacy group Democracy for America.

White House officials said Mr Obama would also announce new executive actions on retirement security and job training to help middle-class workers expand economic opportunity.

"What you'll hear in the speech tonight is very concrete, realistic proposals as it relates to wages, as it relates to education, as it relates to training, high-tech manufacturing, retirement security - those are the things that he's focused on," White House chief of staff Denis McDonough said on NBC's Today show.

With three years left in office, Mr Obama has effectively reduced for now his ambitions for grand legislative actions, having already seen many proposals blocked in a Congress in which Democrats control the Senate and Republicans run the House of Representatives.

Mr Obama is expected to renew his appeal for a long-stalled overhaul of US immigration policy that has been stymied by congressional Republicans. He also will promote his signature healthcare law, four months after its disastrous initial roll-out.

White House officials said the President would try to work with Congress to accomplish his agenda, but would also try to advance it through executive actions if necessary.

"We will continue to call on Congress - both sides of the aisle - to come up with new and fresh ideas for how we can grow our economy and create opportunities for the American people, but we aren't going to stop at that," White House senior advisor Valerie Jarrett said on MSNBC'S Morning Joe show.

Congressional Republicans expressed scepticism.

House Speaker John Boehner, the top Republican in Congress, said that while Mr Obama may have the authority to raise the minimum wage on federal contracts, the impact will be "close to zero" because it will only affect future contracts.

He also said an across-the-board increase in the minimum wage could harm the economy. "When you raise the cost of something, you get less of it," Mr Boehner told a news conference after a party meeting near the US Capitol. "And we know from increases in the minimum wage in the past, that hundreds of thousands of low-income Americans have lost their jobs."

'COMES DOWN TO ECONOMIC ISSUES'

Mr Obama is trying to recover from a difficult fifth year in office, when immigration and gun control legislation failed to advance in Congress, his healthcare law struggled out of the starting gate, and he appeared uncertain about how to respond to Syria's civil war.

Polls reflect a dissatisfied and gloomy country. An NBC News/Wall Street Journal poll released on Tuesday showed 68 per cent of Americans saying the country is either stagnant or worse off since Mr Obama took office. People used words like"divided", "troubled" and "deteriorating" to describe the state of the country, the poll showed.

A central theme of the address, Mr Obama's sixth such annual speech in the House chamber, is addressing income inequality, as middle-class Americans struggle to get ahead even while wealthier people prosper in the uneven economic recovery.

"It comes down to economic issues," said Mr Andy Smith, director of the University of New Hampshire Survey Center. "The economy is going to be the thing that determines whether people have confidence in the President. If the economy is doing well, people will forgive a lot of the things the president has done or not done."

Attending the speech will be a variety of Americans who will sit in the gallery with the President's wife, Mrs Michelle Obama, symbolising issues important to the White House. They will include heroes from last year's Boston Marathon bombings, a firefighter who led the rescue response to an Oklahoma tornado, and an openly gay basketball player.

One of Mr Obama's goals is to lay out ideas that Democratic congressional candidates can adopt in the run-up to November elections as they try to hold on to their Senate majority and challenge Republicans for control of the House.

Mr Obama will talk up themes from the speech in a two-day road trip starting on Wednesday that will include stops in Maryland, Pennsylvania, Wisconsin and Tennessee.