ROME – Italy’s top appeals court has established that sending sea migrants back to Libya is unlawful, a ruling hailed by charities and human rights groups.
The Court of Cassation upheld the conviction of the captain of an Italian tow boat, Asso 28, who in 2018 rescued 101 migrants from a rubber dinghy and returned them to Libya.
The rescue took place in international waters about 105km off Libya, the court said.
Pregnant women and children were among the migrants, it added.
The captain – whose name was blacked out in the ruling for privacy reasons – was sentenced to one year’s imprisonment for the crimes of abandoning minors or incapacitated persons, and arbitrary disembarkation and abandonment of persons.
He is unlikely to go to prison, however, as jail terms of under four years are not normally served behind bars in the Italian system.
The ruling is final, upholding earlier decisions by two lower courts.
Italy and other European governments have taken an increasingly hard line on immigration in recent years, amid a swell in support for right-wing parties that want strict curbs on sea arrivals from North Africa.
The Libya to Italy crossing is one of the most-used sea migration routes.
“Now there is also a judicial precedent that confirms what we have been saying for years: Libya is not a safe country,” the migrant rescue group Mediterranea Saving Humans said on X.
The Italian office of Amnesty International also hailed the verdict, and criticised the government for cooperating with the Libyan authorities on migration.
“Pushing people back to Libya and collaborating with the so-called (Libyan) coast guard conflicts with the duty to bring rescued people to a safe place”, it said.
Under international humanitarian law, migrants cannot be forcibly returned to countries where they risk serious ill-treatment, and migrant abuse has been extensively documented in Libya.
Back in 2018, the conduct of Asso 28 attracted the attention of UN refugee agency UNHCR, which expressed concern for a possible “violation of international law”. REUTERS
