Activists warn a toothless UN nature pact will fail

MONTREAL - The world’s next global pact for nature is doomed without clear mechanisms for implementing targets, conservation groups said on Saturday on the sidelines of UN talks, as protesters took to the streets of Montreal demanding greater action.

Similar factors were widely blamed for the failure of the last 10-year United Nations biodiversity deal, adopted in 2010 in Aichi, Japan, which was unable to achieve nearly any of its objectives.

“Strong text that commits countries to review progress against global targets and ratchet up action over time is essential to hold governments accountable,” said Mr Guido Broekhoven of the WWF (World Wide Fund for Nature), adding that he was “very worried” about the current state of negotiations on this point.

Implementation mechanisms are at the heart of the Paris Agreement on the fight against global warming, in the form of “nationally determined contributions”.

However, the current text on biodiversity only “urges” countries to take into account the conclusions of a global review in four years’ time – without committing them to enhance action if the review finds targets are not on track.

“So what we have on the table is barely an encouragement to maybe do better,” said Mr Aleksandar Rankovic of the US non-profit Avaaz. “And there is no compliance mechanism being discussed that could help organise this necessary conversation between governments, on how they could cooperate better.”

The UN meeting, called COP15, running from Dec 7 to 19 brings together nearly 5,000 delegates from 193 countries to try to finalise “a pact of peace with nature”, with key goals to preserve earth’s forests, oceans and species.

People young and old, including a large contingent of indigenous Canadians, braved the biting cold on Saturday to make their voices heard in Canada’s second largest city. Some wore costumes, dressed as birds, trees, and even caribou – an emblem of Canada’s boreal forests that are now threatened.

“The people are trying to speak, trying to say you can’t just talk, you have got to act,” said Ms Sheila Laursen, part of the group Raging Grannies.

“Let’s not forget that... to protect biodiversity we need to protect indigenous people first; indigenous people are protecting biodiversity,” said Ms Helena Gualinga from a tribe in the Ecuadoran Amazon.

Saturday was supposed to be the last day for delegates to work on the implementation text, before their environment ministers arrive on Dec 15 for the home stretch of the negotiations. Under pressure, an additional meeting day next week was approved.

“If biodiversity targets are the compass, implementation is the actual vessel to take us there,” Mr Li Shuo of Greenpeace told AFP.

“The implementation negotiations are missing critical elements that will ensure countries ramp up their action over time; this is like a bicycle without gears.”

“There has been some progress,” Ms Juliette Landry, a researcher at French think-tank IDDRI added, pointing out that the countries have for the first time adopted common planning and reporting templates, making cross-comparison possible. AFP