BANGKOK (BLOOMBERG) - Thailand has reported zero locally-transmitted Covid-19 cases for 100 days in a row, joining a small group of places like Taiwan where the pathogen has been virtually eliminated.

The South-east Asian country hasn't recorded any community transmission since May 26, data from the Health Ministry on Wednesday (Sept 2) showed.

The authorities are still finding infections among travellers arriving at the tourist hot spot's borders, but these people are quarantined and only allowed into the community after they have recovered.

Like Taiwan and New Zealand, another country that made it past 100 days before local infections re-emerged, Thailand's success has relied on strictly-policed borders that have been closed to foreigners for months.

The strategy has come at great cost to Thailand, with its iconic beaches and cultural sites making it one of the most tourism-reliant economies in the world.

That makes the milestone a bittersweet one for the country, coming amid growing pressure from business to reopen the borders to save the ailing tourism sector, which accounted for 20 per cent of Thailand's pre-pandemic economy.

The government has in principle agreed to open to tourists again ahead of the northern hemisphere winter, but is yet to release many details about how it will do so safely.

"We contained the virus, and now is really the time to focus on the economy - the longer we close the borders, the more damage it will have," said Mr Somprawin Manprasert, chief economist at Bank of Ayudhya Pcl in Bangkok.

"Without proper policies, the exit of some businesses and workforces could cut the country's long-term growth by 0.5 per cent each year, which is significant for a country that's also rapidly aging."

Thailand's dilemma illustrates the difficult balance governments across the world are trying to strike between public health and economic survival.

While many countries quickly shut down to curb the virus' spread earlier this year, the economic fallout soon became too much to bear, and places from the US to India pushed to reopen despite the virus continuing to run rampant, fueling new spikes of infection.

Other tourist-reliant economies like Aruba in the Caribbean have seen a resurgence of cases after allowing travellers back in, and European countries are bracing themselves for new waves seeded during the recent summer vacation period.

Thai officials remain wary of a possible resurgence of infection like in New Zealand and Vietnam, two other countries which had appeared to eliminate local transmission only to see unexplained flare-ups later on.

New Zealand, which went without a case of transmission within the community for 102 days, had to impose a lockdown in Auckland last month to contain a fresh outbreak in its largest city, while Vietnam saw deaths grow from zero to 30 in a month after a resurgence in the coastal area of Danang.

FIRST OUTSIDE CHINA

Thailand's 100-day feat is all the more impressive given that it was the first country outside China to detect the coronavirus, on Jan 13.

The government imposed a national lockdown in March but has since relaxed some restrictions to allow businesses to reopen.

The country's track record has been maintained by compliance with mask-wearing and an army of health volunteers who act as village gatekeepers.

Universal health coverage - and a strong medical system by developing country standards - also encourages people with symptoms to come forward for testing and treatment.

Although the local population is being encouraged to travel domestically and spend, the activity can't compensate for the loss of income from international tourists.

In 2019, Thailand received nearly 40 million foreign visitors, but so far this year less than seven million have entered the country.

Thailand's other economic pillar besides tourism - manufacturing - has also been battered by a global slump in demand amid the pandemic, and the country faces one of the worst outlooks among emerging economies in Asia.

The Finance Ministry forecasts Thailand's economy will shrink by 8.5 per cent this year, heading for its worst contraction on record.