SYDNEY (AFP) - Japan on Sunday (Nov 22) backed the United States sailing warships close to disputed land in the South China Sea, but said it had no plans to send its own maritime forces to support the operation.

Reports last week said Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe told US President Barack Obama on the sidelines of the Apec summit in Manila he would consider sending the country's ships to back up American operations in the area.

But Defence Minister Nakatani played down the suggestion after bilateral meetings with his Australian counterpart Marise Payne and Foreign Minister Julie Bishop in Sydney.

"We have actively been trying to contribute to stability in the region but as far as we are concerned there is no plan to be a part of the freedom of navigation operation of the United States," he said.

"At the US-Japan summit (in Manila), I believe Prime Minister Abe conveyed this stance to President Obama."

Foreign Minister Fumio Kishida appeared less decisive, saying "nothing has been decided yet, no decision has been taken".

"The international community must work in concert to respond to the situation," he said, speaking immediately before Gen Nakatani.

"For the US, conducting operations to ensure the freedom of navigation, this is strictly based on international law... and Japan is supporting the US in this regard."

Last month Washington infuriated Beijing when the USS Lassen guided missile destroyer sailed within 12 nautical miles of at least one land formation claimed by China in the disputed Spratly Islands chain.

The Chinese authorities monitored and warned away the vessel, but did not otherwise intervene, although Beijing later summoned the US ambassador and denounced what it called a threat to its sovereignty.

Tensions have mounted since China transformed reefs in the South China Sea into small islands capable of supporting military facilities, a move the US says threatens freedom of navigation in a region through which one-third of the world's oil passes.

China insists on sovereignty over virtually all the resource-endowed South China Sea, which is also claimed in part by a handful of other countries.

Washington has repeatedly said it does not recognise the Chinese claims.

In a communique after the talks in Sydney, Japan and Australia called on "all claimants to halt large-scale land reclamation, construction, and use for military purposes" in the South China Sea.

They also "urged claimants to exercise restraint, take steps to ease tensions and refrain from provocative actions that could escalate tensions".