MEXICO CITY (NYTIMES) - Hundreds of women marched on Mexico's seat of government on Monday (March 8), some carrying their children, others blowtorches, bats and hammers, prepared for a confrontation they hoped would force the country to tackle rampant violence against women.

The International Women's Day protest was fuelled by anger at President Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador, who has backed a politician accused by several women of rape in a country that suffers some of the world's worst rates of gender violence.

Despite a rift within the governing party over the issue, Mr Lopez Obrador has supported the politician before June elections.

As the protesters gathered around the national palace - Mr Lopez Obrador's residence and the seat of government - their ire was focused on a metal fence that had been erected to protect the building from being overrun.

Women wearing black balaclavas pulled down parts of the barricade as the police fired volleys of flash-bang grenades into the crowd, causing several small stampedes.

At least 62 police and 19 civilians were injured by late Monday evening, according to Mexico City's security branch.

While Mr Lopez Obrador has portrayed his presidency as part of a populist movement to lift up the marginalised in Mexico, women activists say the president has in fact been ignoring the needs of half the population.

The president insisted Monday that his government is committed to equality, but critics argue that little has been done about violence against women during his time in power.

In the roughly two years since Mr Lopez Obrador took office, the rates of violence against women have not changed significantly.

Last year, an average of 10 women were killed in Mexico every day, and there were some 16,000 cases of rape. An investigation by one news site, Animal Politico, found that from 2014 to 2018, only about 5 per cent of all sexual assault allegations, including rape, resulted in a criminal sentence.

It is that impunity that has enraged Mexico's feminists, leading some groups to embrace violence as a tactic to force the nation to pay attention to their demands.

"We fight today so we don't die tomorrow," women chanted Monday as they marched across the city to the national palace. Others declared: "The fault is not mine, not because of where I was or what I was wearing."

Over the weekend, activists spray-painted the barricade around the palace with the names of women killed by their husbands, boyfriends or supposed admirers.

Ms Ivette Granados, 49, and her daughter Maria Puente, 16, attended Monday's protest together. They said they were angered by their daily struggle against the sexual abuse many say is every woman's common experience in Mexico.

Mother and daughter took turns listing off the assaults they said they had suffered over the years: being grabbed in the street, on the metro or at a party, and men flashing their genitals at them in public.

While Ms Granados did not agree with using violence as a tactic to further the feminist movement, she lamented that it seemed to be the only thing that made the nation take notice of their years-long struggle for equality.

"I have already seen it throughout history in the peaceful marches of women - they did not give any results," said Ms Granados. "I think that these things make governments and people turn around. And even if I don't agree, life has shown me that only then do they turn around to see these situations."

This year's protests, which cumulatively drew several thousand women, were much smaller than those in 2020, when tens of thousands turned out. Some women pointed to the coronavirus as the cause for the smaller turnout.

Last year, protesters filled the capital's streets after several grisly assaults against women sparked public outrage, including the killing of a seven-year-old girl who was found disembowelled in a body bag.

A day later, tens of thousands of women stayed home from work in a nationwide strike to protest the violence.

Mr Lopez Obrador has repeatedly minimised the protest movement or accused feminist groups of being politically motivated.

And he has further incensed many women in Mexico by refusing to condemn a leading member of his own party who has been accused of sexual assault by several women. The candidate, Mr Felix Salgado Macedonio, is running for governor in the state of Guerrero, pending a party poll to confirm his candidacy.

On the morning of Monday's protest, the president again accused conservative groups of co-opting the feminist movement, and claimed that women's marches had begun only after he took power.

He pointed to his own government as a commitment to his struggle for equality, the first Cabinet in Mexican history to have half the seats filled by women.

Mr Lopez Obrador defended the wall his government erected around the national palace. And he said that while he supported the feminist movement, he would not tolerate the violence or the vandalism seen during the women's march last year.

Ms Granados and her daughter said the wall felt out of place for a president who says he is a man of the people.

"Look, I don't agree to destroy monuments or damage, right?" Ms Granados said. "But it is also clear to me that a monument is not worth more than the life of a girl." Her daughter, Ms Puente, piped up. The wall, she said, "is a contradiction".