Environmentalists reeling from policy reversals under Trump

US President has moved quickly to dismantle many federal rules protecting environment

The Trump administration is reportedly set to rescind rules put in place after the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico, meant to prevent a repetition of the largest oil spill in American waters.

It will be only the latest in what may be one of United States President Donald Trump's most far-reaching legacies and one that he has achieved very quickly - the dismantling of federal environmental regulations.

Some of this has been in the name of states' rights, and for the primary benefit of the fossil fuel industry, with the aim of transforming America into a global energy powerhouse.

"Trump has rolled out the most corporatist… administration since at least the age of the robber barons," Mr Bob Deans, author and director of strategic engagement at the Natural Resources Defence Council, wrote in a memo last week.

"He has raided, or signalled plans to raid, public waters and lands - from the oceans and coasts of the Eastern Seaboard to the teeming Arctic wilds of Alaska - and exposed them to industrial ruin for the sake of big oil, coal and gas," he wrote.

Ms Sharon Guynup, a global fellow at the Wilson Centre in Washington, told The Straits Times: "This has happened at lightning speed, with powerful input from lobbies and corporate interests."

  • SOME KEY REVERSALS

  • December

    • Drops climate change from list of national security threats.

    • Announces plans to cut the size of the roughly 546,300ha Bears Ears National Monument created by then President Barack Obama last year, by 85 per cent, and the 760,800ha Grand Staircase Escalante National Monument designated by then President Bill Clinton in 1996, by nearly half.

    • Opens part of Arctic National Wildlife Refuge to oil exploration.

    October

    • Environmental Protection Agency scraps Obama-era Clean Power Plan designed to slash carbon emissions.

    June

    • The US pulls out of Paris Agreement on curbing climate change.

    May

    • Calls for slashing Environmental Protection Agency budget by 31 per cent - which translates into a US$2.7 billion (S$3.6 billion) reduction and the loss of 3,200 jobs, according to the World Resources Institute.

    April

    • Orders a review of Obama-era bans on offshore oil and gas drilling in parts of the Arctic, Pacific and Atlantic oceans.

Within days of taking office in January, Mr Trump signed off on two multibillion-dollar oil pipelines, Keystone XL and Dakota Access, which had been stalled on environmental concerns and objections from Native American tribes.

On June 1, he withdrew the US from the Paris Agreement on curbing global warming.

Last week, Mr Trump celebrated the opening up of part of Alaska's Arctic National Wildlife Refuge for oil exploration.

Earlier this month, he shrank protection for two vast National Monuments, Bears Ears and Grand Staircase Escalante in Utah, by nearly 809,370ha.

The borders of others are being reviewed - under the logic that the land should be given back to the people rather than be controlled by Washington.

Last month, Mr Scott Pruitt, head of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), told an America First Energy Conference in Houston, Texas: "Washington has become way too consequential in the lives of Americans across the country, and the President has elected to change that."

About 60 environmental regulations have already been overturned or are in the cross hairs, Ms Guynup told The Straits Times.

Some of the rollbacks are being challenged in the courts.

But the sea change under Mr Trump is deep. Mr Pruitt, who as Republican attorney-general of Oklahoma spent much time challenging the regulations of the EPA - the very agency he now heads, is openly sceptical of the scientific consensus that human activity, specifically the emission of greenhouse gases, is contributing to global warming. In his campaign, Mr Trump famously remarked that global warming was a Chinese hoax.

In a joint opinion article in June in the right-leaning Washington Times, Mr Pruitt, along with Energy Secretary Rick Perry and Interior Secretary Ryan Zinke, wrote: "For the first time in four decades, the energy story in the United States is about becoming an energy exporter and no longer about peak resources or being beholden to foreign powers.

"Becoming energy dominant means that we are getting government out of the way. For years, Washington stood in the way of our energy dominance. That changes now."

It is an overdue shift, said Mr Ed Russo, an environmental consultant who has worked with the President's company, Trump Organisation, for more than a decade.

He told the journal The Hill this week: "For the past 10 years, there were certain aspects of energy that you couldn't talk about in Washington, coal being one of them.

"I think that global warming has been a very hurtful distraction for the environmental community."

Meanwhile, under Mr Pruitt, more than 700 people, including over 200 scientists and 96 environmental protection specialists, have left the EPA, according to a joint report published last week by The New York Times and ProPublica, a non-profit organisation dedicated to investigative journalism.

"It's true, morale is very low," said an EPA officer who spoke to The Straits Times on condition of anonymity. "I'm looking to change jobs myself."

Join ST's Telegram channel and get the latest breaking news delivered to you.

A version of this article appeared in the print edition of The Straits Times on December 29, 2017, with the headline Environmentalists reeling from policy reversals under Trump. Subscribe