ACCRA (AFP) - Ghana's President Nana Akufo-Addo has won a second term in office, the electoral commission announced on Wednesday (Dec 9), a result his rival John Mahama's party said it would appeal.

The West African country is known for its stable democracy, but tensions rose over Monday's presidential and legislative vote after Mr Mahama claimed to have won a parliamentary majority and warned Mr Akufo-Addo against stealing the vote.

In the presidential race, Mr Akufo-Addo received 51.59 per cent of the vote, beating opposition leader and former president Mahama's 47.36 per cent, the electoral commission said.

The announcement was greeted with chanting and dancing by a crowd of supporters in the seaside capital Accra.

But the opposition has called the election "flawed".

"Overwhelming evidence available makes it impossible for us to accept this spurious and hurried conclusion," Mr Haruna Iddrisu, a Member of Parliament for the National Democratic Congress (NDC) party, said at a press conference.

"We intend to take decisive and concrete steps, both with the presidential and parliamentary results, to overturn this brazen and shameless attack on our democracy."

In a victory speech on Wednesday, the President-elect leader of the New Patriotic Party (NPP) addressed his jubilant supporters, calling for peace.

"Now is the time, irrespective of political affiliations, to unite, join hands and stand shoulder to shoulder," 76-year-old Akufo-Addo said.

Observers viewed polling as generally free and fair, but police said five people were killed and 19 injured in election-related violence.

The political climate soured late Tuesday when Mr Mahama accused his rival of showing "credentials that are very undemocratic".

Mr Mahama, 62, charged that Mr Akufo-Addo had harnessed the military in a bid to sway the outcome, a claim the government said was false.

"You cannot use the military to try and overturn some of the results in constituencies that we have won. We will resist any attempts to subvert the sovereign will of the Ghanaian people," the former president said.

Mr Mahama - who has twice before lost to Mr Akufo-Addo by a narrow margin, the last time in 2016 - has yet to comment on the results.

The full count of the 275 parliamentary seats has not been announced and are expected to be very close.

'Prosperous and progressive'

Ghana has recorded high levels of growth during Mr Akufo-Addo's first term as he worked to diversify an economy largely dependent on cocoa exports and more recently oil and gold.

On education in particular, he is considered to have done well, which matters in a country where 18- to 35-year-olds account for more than half of all eligible voters.

But while Ghana has made large strides in recent years, many still live in extreme poverty with scarce access to clean water or electricity.

"There could be a tendency for an incumbent, who has just secured a second term, to take it easy and relax," Mr Akufo-Addo said.

"I am of a different character. I give you my word that I will continue to work very hard to build a prosperous and progressive Ghana, for which we yearn."

Former Ghanaian president John Kufuor was one of the first to congratulate Mr Akufo-Addo, saying on Twitter, "you deserve it".

Peace pact

Ghana has had seven peaceful transitions of power since the return of democracy more than 30 years ago, as post-electoral grievances have always been pursued through the courts - a rarity in the troubled region.

Hoping to retain that reputation, Mr Akufo-Addo and Mr Mahama on Friday signed a symbolic peace pact, which the 15-nation regional bloc ECOWAS urged "all political parties and their leadership to respect".

The European Union's chief observer Javier Nart said Wednesday that "Ghanaians voted freely".

"While there were isolated violent incidents, both on election day and during the campaign... fears of violence and vigilantism fortunately didn't materialise: they were minor, isolated incidents, some of them tragic," he said.

Despite the coronavirus pandemic, turnout was high, with 13,434,574 people voting - 79 per cent of registered voters.

Severely hit by the pandemic, growth in the nation of 30 million people is expected to fall this year to its lowest in three decades, to 0.9 per cent according to the International Monetary Fund, a steep decline from 6.5 per cent growth in 2019.

An urgent task for the next government will be to limit mounting debt and control rising inflation.