David Bowie turns to jazz for inspiration

NEW YORK • A lot of questions arose when David Bowie unveiled Blackstar, the 10-minute title track of his new album, as a music video in November.

What was the meaning of the clip's sci-fi surrealism? What had inspired its ominous lyrics? And, perhaps more practically, who were these musicians helping to shape its gnarly but limber style?

One of those questions, at least, is answerable. Bowie, an elusive rock star whose music has been as famously changeable as his image, enlisted the Donny McCaslin Quartet, a rugged jazz-rock combo featuring McCaslin on saxophone, Jason Lindner on keyboards, Tim Lefebvre on electric bass and Mark Guiliana on drums.

And for all of Blackstar, he plugged right into the intensely responsive metabolism of the band, opening an unlikely new door in his nearly 50-year recording career. The album is due out on Friday, his 69th birthday, on ISO/Columbia.

After the revamped rock snarl of his 2013 album, The Next Day (Columbia), Bowie was determined to seek inspiration elsewhere.

Tony Visconti, his main producer and collaborator since Space Oddity, from 1969, said that along the way, they had admired how Kendrick Lamar's album To Pimp A Butterfly stood both within and outside hip-hop, especially in its relationship to jazz.

"David and I had long had a fascination for Stan Kenton and Gil Evans," Visconti added, referring to two prominent jazz orchestrators of the mid-20th century. "We spoke about that virtually the first time we met, back in the 1960s. We always saw pop and rock as something we were quite capable of doing, but we always held the jazz gods on a pedestal above us."

The first inkling of this new direction came in the final weeks of 2014, when Bowie released Sue (Or In A Season Of Crime), a noirish track featuring the Maria Schneider Orchestra, with McCaslin as a soloist. (It was issued as a single and as part of a three-disc compilation, Nothing Has Changed.) There was talk about Schneider's continued involvement, but she was too focused on her own album. She recommended McCaslin's band.

McCaslin, 49, has been a stalwart on the New York jazz scene for more than 20 years - an improviser with an aptitude for controlled abandon, often uncorking solos that feel wild and cogent.

He recently received a Grammy nomination for best improvised jazz solo, for the deft, swirling tenor saxophone work on Arbiters Of Evolution, from that album Schneider was working on, The Thompson Fields (ArtistShare).

About four years ago, McCaslin made a hard turn towards groove as a bandleader, enlisting the other members of the quartet, who have their own separate histories together.

The band's first album on Greenleaf Music, Casting For Gravity, came out in 2012; a follow-up, Fast Future, appeared last year.

The group's usual haunt is the 55 Bar, where Bowie showed up unannounced to hear them early last year.

Soon afterwards, he extended an invitation to work on his next album, in a series of sessions at the Magic Shop in SoHo.

Both parties did their homework. Bowie had listened intently to Casting For Gravity and Beat Music: The Los Angeles Improvisations, a self-released album by Guiliana.

"And we watched their YouTube videos," Visconti said. "We were spying on them. David said to me, 'Really listen a lot to this and get in your mind how they work'."

Meanwhile, McCaslin received two batches of demo recordings from Bowie featuring his guitar parts: one made at the Magic Shop with Visconti and others, and one created at his home studio. He led a crash rehearsal in a Brooklyn basement, so that the tunes would be familiar in the studio.

The band set up in one room at the Magic Shop and, rather than taking his place in an isolation booth - or for that matter, in the control room - Bowie stood among them, at a microphone. He ended up singing every take live with the band even though the resulting vocal tracks, with so much sound bleed from the drums, would be unusable.

"It was unbelievably inspiring," Guiliana said. "He was in top form from start to finish. Even if he didn't have lyrics and, it was more of a guide melody, it still had this commitment."

While the bass and drum parts from the demos were well developed, there was a translation process for Lindner, who used nine keyboards with various distortion and effects pedals.

"What I like is to just leave certain notes ringing, if they work," he said. "It's kind of like how a guitarist has open strings. I try to imagine something like that - try to find the open strings on the keyboard, where the note would naturally resonate with the tonality and the feeling of what's going on. That gives a more grassroots feeling."

Only one track on the album, the grandly bittersweet ballad Dollar Days, was created without a demo for reference. Bowie played that song on an acoustic guitar and the musicians learnt it by ear.

But other tracks had elements that developed on the spot, such as Lefebvre's opening bass vamp on Lazarus. Some tunes, such as Tis A Pity She Was A Whore, veer thrillingly towards overdrive.

As McCaslin wails during the home stretch, Bowie can be heard yelping in excitement, sounding hoarse: "Woo!"

NEW YORK TIMES

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A version of this article appeared in the print edition of The Straits Times on January 06, 2016, with the headline David Bowie turns to jazz for inspiration. Subscribe