NEW YORK • Wal-Mart Stores is within striking distance of matching Amazon.com's online prices for the first time, a key milestone in its effort to regain the "low-price leader" title.
Wal-Mart has aggressively invested in making its prices more competitive against brick-and-mortar rivals since the start of the year.
Now, the shrinking gap is also becoming noticeable across a broad range of product categories online, according to a price study conducted for Reuters, and interviews with pricing experts, retail consultants, vendors and company sources.
Prices at Walmart.com are now only 0.3 per cent higher than at Amazon on average, according to the study by retail data analytics firm Market Track, which analysed prices of 213 products in 11 categories over a period of 700 days ending Nov 7 this year. By comparison, Wal-Mart's online prices were 3 per cent higher than Amazon's on average in the first 350 days ending Nov 7 last year, according to the study.
In the popular wearables category, which includes fitness trackers and smart watches, Wal-Mart's prices are 6.4 per cent lower than Amazon's this year, compared with 12.6 per cent higher in the same period a year ago. For sports and outdoor products, Wal-Mart is now 1.3 per cent lower versus 3.5 per cent higher a year ago.
These findings indicate that Wal-Mart has managed to slash prices online across several product categories consistently, rather than with just temporary discounts. Consistent lower pricing is key to boosting sales throughout the year.
"We are committed to having online prices that meet or beat prices at other top sites," said Wal-Mart spokesman Dan Toporek. He said for some items, the retailer now displays two prices online to show shoppers when they can get a lower price by picking up their order in a store.
Amazon spokesman Kate Scarpa said nothing has changed in its approach to delivering low prices to customers. "Amazon's prices are as low or lower than any other retailer's and we work hard for customers to ensure that's true every day."
The consistent price cuts are one of several steps Wal-Mart is taking to boost its e-commerce business, including expanding its online offerings, acquiring smaller online retailers such as Jet.com, and offering free two-day shipping.
Mr Burt Flickinger, managing director of retail consultancy Strategic Resources Group, conducted his own internal pricing study for clients in Texas last month. His data shows Wal-Mart is closing the gap with Amazon this year compared with a year ago, when prices for a range of goods were between 5 and 12 per cent higher at Wal-Mart.
"What we have started seeing recently is Wal-Mart lowering the gap with Amazon to a point where it is a photo finish," he said. "Consumers can't tell the difference any more."
Wal-Mart invested over US$1 billion (S$1.3 billion) last year to make its pricing more competitive, taking a hit on profits in order to offer lower prices online, analysts said.
So far the strategy is paying off. Online sales at the world's largest retailer grew 50 per cent year over year in the most recent quarter, helping it post its strongest quarterly US revenue growth in nearly a decade. It now accounts for 3.6 per cent of total US online sales in the 12 months to October, up from a 2.8 per cent share a year ago, according to digital research firm eMarketer.
Even with this progress, Wal-Mart has a long way to go. Amazon's share of the US e-commerce market stands at 43.5 per cent. About half of US households are estimated to have Amazon Prime subscriptions, Cowen and Co has predicted, making them less likely to comparison-shop.
But Wal-Mart is also vying for the online business of other brick-and-mortar rivals, from Target to WayFair, which have been targeting shoppers who compare prices on search engines like Google. Wal-Mart could gain more market share at their expense through its price cuts, analysts say.
"Wal-Mart's objective here may not be to unseat Amazon as much as it is to convince (Wal-Mart's) loyal store shoppers it is also a low-price leader online," said Mr Keith Anderson, senior vice-president of strategy and insights at e-commerce analytics firm Profitero.
Analysts and consultants estimate the retailer will have to fork out around US$6 billion over several years to maintain price parity with Amazon online and take on the rest of the retail pack.
These investments have already started to erode Wal-Mart's profitability. Operating margins fell for four straight quarters to 2.8 per cent in the three months to Oct 31.
However, Wal-Mart has a US$6.9 billion cash pile to tap in order to invest in online prices. Investors have so far shown no concern that the cost of online price cuts could weigh on Wal-Mart's announced US$20 billion share buyback programme; the company's shares are up 1.5 per cent after it reported stronger online sales on Nov 16.
What is more, the retailer said last year and again last month that it would slow down the roll-out of new stores and divert that capital expenditure towards becoming more competitive online.
"Right now, the better use of cash is to compete with Amazon and invest that in the business, because if anyone has a fighting chance to stand up to Amazon, it is Wal-Mart," said Mr Charles Sizemore, chief investment officer at Sizemore Capital Management, which owns Wal-Mart shares.
REUTERS
