Public transport, cycling and walking will be the main modes of transportation. Eco-cities are designed so that residents commute short distances to and from work.
Eco-cities will look ' much like the traditional towns of Europe and Asia. Much more convivial, and suited to a natural sense of community'', said Mr Paul Downton of Ecopolis.
Buildings are green
Buildings will use the least energy to do all the work. They will use natural light and air flow to heat and cool interiors.
With cost savings, the use of renewable energy such as solar panels becomes feasible and less of a cost burden.
An integrated unit
Eco-cities blend into the surrounding landscape.
Food is grown close to the living areas. Nutrients are recycled. Human waste, for example, can be used as crop fertiliser.
'In an eco-city, having a cyclical economy is the fundamental ethos,' said Mr Downton.
Strong social fabric
Most eco-cities are not designed for millions of residents. A small city means residents can interact more and hence feel a sense of belonging in the community.
Involving residents in the running of the city is the best guarantee of stability and long-term security.