BLAME technology for 'ants' - or what teachers call bad teen handwriting.

The Straits Times collected samples from 186 teens aged 13 to 17, which threw up 52 scripts covered with 'ants'.

They needed a lot of deciphering, typical of handwriting of the wired generation, said handwriting expert William Pang, 60.

Mr Pang, a handwriting consultant who began studying the science of handwriting analysis in the 1970s, blames this 'degeneration' on the lack of focus on penmanship in classrooms.

Students are not taught to grasp the pen properly, he said. 'Some of them even slump on the table as they write.'

They do not see the need to improve, either. After all, 'technology helps to make homework neater for students', Mr Pang pointed out.

Modern practices like downloading notes from the school's website and submitting typewritten assignments lessen the need for legible handwriting.

Teachers, who have to wade through an average of 100 to 200 scripts each week, say they especially hate the type of handwriting they call 'ants'.

'The tiny, ant-size writing makes it difficult for teachers to read what is written,' lamented Mrs Kang Yeok Lung, 59, a senior teacher at St Andrew's Junior College.

She has been a teacher for 27 years, and points out: 'When students write like that, they don't realise that the teacher's eyesight is affected and it makes marking a chore.'

The cure?

'I think assignments should be handwritten and not sent to the teacher as an e-mail attachment,' Mrs Kang said.

After all, when teachers have to guess what students write, she added, 'the student loses out'.

Especially during examinations, when essays are still handwritten, it can cost them grades. When markers cannot understand the scripts, 'there is a higher risk of misinterpretation'.

Augustus Set, 17, a second-year student at St Andrew's Junior College, said his parents feared his bad writing so much, they bought him handwriting practice books, 'so that I can write more legibly for my A level examinations'.

Still, other students are recalcitrant - they say they are expressing themselves.

Said Sayyed Amir Zaini, 16, a Secondary 4 student at Pasir Ris Secondary School: 'I tried to change my handwriting but I just can't. Anyway, I don't think I should change it just because others say so. I will change my handwriting only because I want to.'

Handwriting in the 1970s was of a better quality, said Mr Pang, who was then studying close to 300 handwriting samples as an amateur analyst. Tidier scripts showed that Singaporeans were more patient and considerate then.

'People were in less of a rush,' he said. 'They took more pains with their handwriting and the letters were more well-formed... to ensure others could read what they had written.'

The Straits Times' survey, on the other hand, revealed that many of the wired generation are disconnected, individualistic, more rebellious and non-conformist than their predecessors.

Mr Pang believes that teens will change their handwriting as they grow older 'to create their own identity'.

But that might not be for the better, he warned: 'A person's handwriting is likely to get worse with age if at work, he types more than he writes.'

phlim@sph.com.sg

Additional reporting by Malini Nathan and The Straits Times Media Club reporters

Are you relaxed? Or persistent and ambitious? Expert deconstructs your strokes

Garland

A garland stroke is the quickest and most natural stroke. It is formed when a rounded cup-like downstroke is followed by an upstroke in the form of a 'u' (Figure 1). Garland writers are friendly and at ease with people, which comes across in the relaxed style of writing.

Angular

An angular writer can be identified by letters where two strokes are connected without any curved connective (Figure 3).The angular stroke is the most painstaking to write, compared to the other three strokes. Angular writers are typically persistent and ambitious.

Arcade

An arcade stroke takes the form of an arch which is closed at the top (Figure 2). This stroke is more deliberate than the arcade stroke. Arcade writers are usually methodical and authoritative.

Threadlike

A thread writer can be identified by letters with almost flattened thread-like lines, usually making words illegible (Figure 4). The thread-like stroke does not conform to any writing guidelines. Thread writers are usually versatile and resourceful.